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光波导功分器的短缩优化设计方法研究

2016-01-08方锦辉陈抱雪汪昌君陈子维

光学仪器 2015年6期

方锦辉 陈抱雪 汪昌君 陈子维

摘要:提出并验证了一种针对光波导功分器短缩化的新的设计方法。在BPM软件仿真运行的基础上,归纳了单位圆心角弯曲损耗与曲率半径之间关系的仿真实验公式,建立了光波导功分器各级Y分支之间的单调弧形连接模型,确定了光波导分路器的长度、总的弯曲损耗、单口弯曲损耗以及均匀性的计算公式。综合考虑光波导功分器各参数间关系,采用了遗传算法全局优化技术,设计了合理可行的评价函数。通过对1×8石英光波导功分器的验证表明,与现行同类产品相比,插入损耗和均匀性指标持平,有效长度缩短了3.5 mm以上。

关键词:光波导技术; 光波导功分器; 短缩化设计; 遗传算法

中图分类号: TN 252 文献标志码: A doi: 10.3969/j.issn.10055630.2015.06.015

Abstract:The paper presents and experimentally verifies a new design method of shortening the optical waveguide splitter.Based on the use of BPM simulation, we summarize the relationship between unit central angle and the curvature radius of the bend loss, establishing the monotone arc connection model about all levels between the Y branch of the optical waveguide splitter. We determine the calculation formula about the optical waveguide splitter length, total bending loss, single bend loss and uniformity. In consideration of the whole length of waveguide, bending loss and uniformity, we introduce the design technique of genetic algorithm for global optimization, designing the reasonable and feasible evaluation function. We choose the initial numerical range of the genetic function, and study the genetic algorithm by using MATLAB. Through the verified design on an 1×8 quartz optical waveguide splitter, we find that insertion loss and uniformity index are equivalent,and the effective length is shorten 3.5 mm or more, compared with the existing similar products.

Keywords: optical waveguide technology; optical waveguide splitter; shortening design; genetic algorithm

引 言

平面光波导回路(PLC)构成的功分器具有集成度高、体积小、易于规模生产等优点,近年来在光通信网络建设中得到了迅速应用[12]。一般情况下,光分路器的功率分路是在Y分支之间用S波导连接,随着光功分器的分路数的翻倍增加,器件尺寸成指数级增大。有报道提出用弧形波导连接Y分支,可以有效缩短光功分器的长度,提高晶圆的器件密度和降低制造成本[3]。

弧形波导连接的Y分支功分光路类似于树杈结构,与常规的对称式接联分布的Y分支功分光路相比,光路十分复杂,功分器插入损耗与弧形波导的曲率半径、弯曲角度等参数呈非线性的复杂关系,因此设计时要全局控制波导的分支损耗、弯曲损耗以及功分均匀性变得十分困难[46]。……

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