空气泡沫驱提高采收率技术气体爆炸极限值初探

薛媛，王成俊，江绍静，洪玲，王宏

(陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院, 陕西西安 710075)

摘要：空气泡沫驱提高采收率技术的安全问题一直是制约其发展的“瓶颈”。在气体爆炸理论的基础上，推导出天然气与空气混合爆炸工程估算公式，计算得出甲烷的定容爆炸压力为0.86MPa，点火温度为573℃。通过室内实验结果分析得出，甲烷爆炸下限值随着温度、压力升高，空气量的增加，升高幅度不大，而上限值急剧下降，当惰性气体与甲烷比值大于6时进入不爆范围。现场试验表明，该技术提高采收率效果明显且安全可靠，适于油田推广应用。

关键词：空气泡沫驱；提高采收率；安全性；爆炸极限值

中图分类号:TE357.7

基金项目:陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司项目“延长东部油区空气泡沫驱配套技术研究及先导试验”(ycsy2010ky-A-12)资助。

作者简介：第一薛媛(1980年生)，女，硕士，工程师，2009年毕业于西北农林科技大学，从事低渗透油田提高采收率技术的研究。邮箱：xueyuanmail@126.com。

Preliminary Analysis on Explosion Limits of EOR by Air-foam Flooding

Xue Yuan, Wang Chengjun, Jiang Shaojing, Hong Ling, Wang Hong

(ResearchInstituteofShaanxiYanchangPetroleum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an,Shaanxi710075,China)

Abstract：The security of EOR by air-foam flooding has always been a bottleneck restricting the application of this technology. According to the gas explosion theory, based on the derived gas and air mixture explosion estimation formula, it was calculated that the constant volume explosion pressure of methane was 0.86MPa and the ignition temperature was 573 ℃. It was difficult to achieve the constant volume explosion pressure and the ignition temperature in the context of oil reservoirs. The results obtained by laboratory analysis showed that the lower limit of methane explosion increased marginally when the temperature, pressure, air volume increased, while the upper limit had a sharp decline when the inert gas/methane explosion was greater than 6, and the mixture did not enter the range. Field test showed that the effect was good and the technology was safe, and it was applicable for oilfields.

Key words: air-foam flooding; EOR; security; explosion limits

空气泡沫驱提高采收率技术融合了空气驱油和泡沫驱油的双重优势，是一项富有创造性的提高采收率的新方法，它不仅具有调剖和驱油的双重功能，而且还克服了空气驱气窜的缺点[1-5]。但空气泡沫驱也存在缺陷，最核心的问题便是安全性问题，即石油伴生气中氧气含量超过临界值时易发生爆炸。

近年来，吕鑫[6]等从理论角度针对气体爆炸极限和氧气的消耗进行了分析，但国内尚未见从实验角度分析空气泡沫驱中气体爆炸极限值的报道。……