王银飞　张奇军

[摘要] 目的 对冠心病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析，旨在探讨CHD发病的主要危险因素，并采取相相应的护理干预措施。 方法 将于2013年1月～2015年1月在我院行冠状动脉造影术确诊的100例冠心病患者作为病例组，另选择同期在我院行冠状动脉造影阴性的100例患者作为对照组。收集并记录纳入患者的基础资料，包括性别、年龄、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、肥胖超重、冠心病家族史等。采用Judkins法，选择性多体位、左右冠状动脉及左室进行造影。所有患者均予调脂、降压等对症治疗，对于冠状动脉狭窄严重者行冠状动脉支架植入术。对两组的性别、年龄、合并基础疾病、吸烟史、冠心病家族史、BMI、TG等单因素进行分析，并进行多因素Logistic回归分析，并结合上述因素进行护理干预。 结果 病例组与对照组在年龄、合并基础疾病、吸烟史、冠心病家族史、BMT、TG方面比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；但病例组与对照组在性别方面比较，差异无显著性（P>0.05）。Logistic回归分析：年龄≥60岁（OR=1.532）、有吸烟史（OR=1.643）、BMI≥24 kg/m2（OR=2.387）、合并高血压、糖尿病一种或两种或三种以上（OR=1.563）为冠心病发病的危险因素。 结论 冠心病的发病是多种危险因素共同作用的结果，其中年龄≥60岁、吸烟史、合并高血压、糖尿病、体重指数≥24 kg/m2与冠心病发病关系密切，根据上述危险因素采取有针对性的护理干预，对降低其发病率具有重要作用。

[关键词] 冠心病；危险因素；Logistic回归分析；护理干预

[中图分类号] R473.5 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2015）32-0141-04

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical data of patients with coronary heart disease， and to explore the main risk factors of CHD， and to take corresponding measures. Methods 100 patients with coronary heart disease in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2013 were selected as the case group， and 100 patients with negative coronary angiography were selected as the control group. Collected and recorded the basic information， including gender， age， hypertension， diabetes， smoking， obesity and overweight， family history of coronary heart disease. Used Judkins method， selective multi position， left and right coronary artery and left ventricular angiography were performed. All the patients were treated with lipid and blood pressure， and the coronary stent implantation was performed in patients with severe coronary artery stenosis.The two groups of sex， age， combined with basic diseases， smoking history， family history of coronary heart disease， TG， BMI and other single factor analysis， and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results There were significant differences in age， smoking history， family history of coronary heart disease， smoking history， TG and BMT in the case group and the control group（P<0.05）， but there was no significant difference between the patients group and the control group （P>0.05）. 60 years of age or older （OR=1.532）， with a history of smoking （OR=1.643）， BMI≥24 kg/m2（OR=2.387） and combined hypertension， diabetes one or two or more than kinds for the risk factors of coronary artery disease. Conclusion The incidence of coronary heart disease is the result of interaction of multiple risk factors， age ≥60 years old， smoking history， body mass index ≥24 kg/m2 are close to coronary heart disease（CHD）， according to the risk factors for active intervention to reduce the incidence rate has an important role.

[Key words] Coronary heart disease； Risk factors； Logistic regression analysis； Nursing

冠心病（Coronary heart disease，CHD）是常见的心血管疾病之一，近年来随着人们生活水平的提高，发病率逐年增多且日趋年轻化。……