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2013年黑龙江省云水资源人工增雨潜力评估

2015-10-21牛忠清张苗苗安英玉张惠君

安徽农业科学 2015年3期

牛忠清 张苗苗 安英玉 张惠君

摘要 黑龙江省年平均降水量390~660 mm,历年有效降水不均,分布差异较大,区域性显著,一般东部多、西部少,西部地区水资源严重短缺。以上气候特点决定了黑龙江省有必要从空中云水資源中开发获取较多的降水,弥补农业生产、工业生产等方面的缺水现状。鉴于以上原因,需对云水资源潜力进行评估,在此依据CWRPEP方法对2013年黑龙江省云水资源人工增雨潜力进行评估,结果认为2013年黑龙江省云水资源人工增雨潜力共约为1.295亿t,具有较大的人工增雨潜力。

关键词 云水资源;CWRPEP方法;增雨潜力;评估

中图分类号 S161.6  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611(2015)03-251-03

The Evaluation of Artificial Precipitation Potentiality of Cloud Water Resource in Heilongjiang Province in 2013

NIU Zhongqing, ZHANG Miaomiao, AN Yingyu et al

(Weather Modification Office of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030)

Abstract The mean annual rainfall in Heilongjiang Province was during 390-660 mm. Annual effective precipitation is not uneven in distribution. There was a great difference in the distribution of precipitation, more in East and severe watershortage of West. The above climate characteristics determine that it is necessary to gain more precipitation from the development of cloud water resource and relieve the water shortage situation in the industrial and agricultural production etc. In view of the above reasons, it is need to evaluate the developing potential of cloud water resource. The method of CWRPEP was used to calculate the developing potential of Heilongjiang cloud water resource in 2013. The results showed that: The total cloud water resource in Heilongjiang Province in 2013 is about 129.5 million tons. The exploited potentiality of water source in the air is large.

Key words Cloud water resource; CWRPEP method; Artificial precipitation potentiality; Assessment

作者简介 牛忠清(1983- ),女,辽宁西丰人,工程师,硕士,从事大气物理与大气环境研究。

收稿日期 20141204

黑龙江省是全国重要的商品粮基地,草原、森林资源丰富,属中温带、寒温带大陆性季风气候,年平均降水量390~660 mm,分布差异较大,区域性显著。一般东部多、西部少,中部山区最多。历年有效降水不均,尤其西部地区水资源严重短缺,特别是春季有“十年九旱”之说。夏季受海洋性季风影响,气候温热,雨量充沛,是主要的降雨时段。6~8月全省各地降水量一般在300~400 mm,占全年降水量50%~70%;冬季受极地大陆气团控制,气候严寒,干燥并漫长;春秋两季气候多变,春季风多雨少,易发生干旱[1]。受全球气候变暖影响,黑龙江省平均气温在不断升高,降水减少,干旱频率增大。干旱造成农作物大幅减产,严重制约社会经济发展、粮食安全和生态环境建设。……

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