陈磊 由双海 马云龙 马瑛

摘 要：对目前国内输气管道在投产过程中气体置换现状进行了分析，重点介绍了比较常见的置换工艺，并从安全、效果以及现场实际操作难易程度等方面，考察了不同置换方式的优缺点，确定了不加隔离器的氮气置换方法为最佳的置换工艺。此外还重点介绍了输气管道投产置換过程气体混合规律的研究进展和成果，通过对目前研究现状分析，指出了各研究手段的利弊，在今后的研究过程中需对各置换参数进行更加深层次的研究，不仅要有理论推导和数值模拟，更要对所得结果与现场进行反复验证和修正。

关 键 词：输气管道;置换;工艺;混合规律;数值模拟

中图分类号：TE 832 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1671-0460（2015）06-1301-03

Research Progress in Gas Replacement

Processes During Gas Pipeline Commissioning

CHEN Lei1， YOU Shuang-hai2， MA Yun-long3， MA Ying3

（ 1. National Engineering Laboratory for Pipeline Safety， China University of Petroleum，Beijing 102249， China;

2. Liaohe Petroleum Exploration Bureau Oilfield Construction Engineering No.1 Company，Liaoning Panjin 124000， China;

3. Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Design Company Beijing Branch， Beijing 102200， China）

Abstract： Status of gas replacement processes during gas pipeline commissioning in China was analyzed. Common replacement methods were compared. Advantages and disadvantages of different displacement methods were investigated from the view of safety， effect and degree of difficulty of actual operation. The results show that the nitrogen replacement method without isolator is the best. Research progress and results of the gas mixing rule in the replacement process were introduced. Through analyzing the present status of the research， advantages and disadvantages of various research methods were put forward. Its pointed out that the displacement parameters should be deeply studied in future， the theoretical derivation and numerical simulation should be strengthened， and field verification and correction of obtained results are also strengthened.

Key words： Gas pipeline; Replacemen; Process; Mixing rule; Numerical simulation

管道建成后输气管道的投产置换是其投入运行的关键环节，为确保管道运行安全，新建成的天然气管道正式投用前必须采用惰性气体置换输气站及管道内的空气[1]，当置换管段末端内氧气含量低于2%时，满足天然气输送条件，管道置换合格[2]，目前，国内对置换工艺中各参数以及气体混合规律缺乏研究，相关行业规范以及国外文献资料较少，因此对置换过程的置换参数以及气体混合规律的认识和研究具有重要的意义。

1 置换方式对比分析

1.1 置换方式

近些年来，我国输气管道投产置换过程通常采用注氮气的方式，管道现场利用液氮蒸发获得氮气，并将其注入管线中，避免天然气与空气直接混合，不会使天然气达到爆炸极限，以保证投产的安全性。……