基于MOVES分析汽油组分对机动车的污染排放影响
2015-10-21王同猛管丞昊
王同猛 管丞昊



摘 要: 选取西安市轻型客车为研究对象,利用MOVES移动源排放模型,结合实测数据,模拟计算各汽油组分对轻型客车污染排放因子的影响。经过测算,得知硫含量和雷德蒸汽压对CO和HC的排放敏感性较强,汽油中硫含量由500×10-6降至10×10-6可令CO的排放降低47.25%,HC的排放降低49.13%,而雷德蒸汽压由14 psi降至8 psi可令CO减排36.41%,HC减排13.17%,而芳烃含量只对CO敏感,芳烃含量由50%降至20%可令CO的排放降低17.61%,而烯烃含量由10%增加到22%令NOx和CO的排放分别增加了4.46%,3.42%,而HC的排放降低了2.19%,四项指标对于PM的排放均影响甚微,对CO2的排放则无影响。
关 键 词:汽油组分;排放因子;MOVES;敏感性
中图分类号:TE 624 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1671-0460(2015)06-1280-04
Analysis on Impact of Gasoline Components on Motor
Vehicle Emissions Based on MOVES
WANG Tong-meng1,GUAN Cheng-hao2
(1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changan University, Shaanxi Xian 710064, China;
2. Zhejiang Guangchuan Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Zhejiang Guangchuan 310020, China)
Abstract: Taking light-duty vehicles in Xian city as the research object, combined with measurement data, effect of gasoline components on emission factor was simulated by MOVES. The results show that sulphur content and Reid vapor pressure are very sensitive to the emissions of CO and HC; the decrease of sulphur content from 500×10-6 to 10×10-6 can reduce CO and HC emission by 47.25% and 49.13%, respectively; the decrease of Reid vapor pressure from 14 psi to 8 psi can reduce CO and HC emission by 36.41% and 13.17%, respectively; the aromatic content is only sensitive to the emissions of CO, and the decrease of aromatic content from 50% to 20% can reduce emission of CO by 17.61%; the increase of olefin content from 10% to 22% can reduce emission of HC by 2.19%, while can increase the emission of NOx and CO by 4.46% and 3.42%; all of four effect factors can slightly affect emissions of PM, and have no effect on CO2 emission.
Key words: Gasoline components; Emission factors; MOVES; Sensibility
近年來,西安市的机动车保有量迅速增长,由2000年的134 757辆增长到2012年的1 319 081辆[1],机动车数量的剧增,随之而来的是机动车污染物排放的增加,而西安市达到国IV标准及以上的车辆仅占机动车总量的9.35%[2],所以相对污染物排放量更大。2014年10月,西安市开始供应国V汽油,而国内外不少学者研究了燃油品质对车辆排放的影响[3-11],相比其他学者做类似研究大多利用台架实测少量甚至一辆车,且大都只针对硫含量这一因素,本研究通过实测数据,利用MOVES模型模拟计算区域环境内汽油各组分对机动车的污染物排放影响,并对其进行敏感性分析,得到实际工况下燃油质量对机动车排放污染物的影响,为国家进一步地提高油品质量标准和机动车污染减排措施决策提供参考意见。
1 研究方法
1.1 排放模型选取
MOVES(Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator)模型[3,4]是由……
