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SPF鸡粪菌移植与发酵床饲养模式下肉鸡生产性能和抗药性研究

2015-10-21李运喜等

山东农业科学 2015年5期

李运喜等

摘要:为明确SPF鸡粪菌移植与发酵床养殖模式下肉鸡的生产性能和抗药性,与传统普通地面平养模式相比较,测定肉鸡的增重、成活率,免疫器官、消化器官的发育,大肠杆菌抗药性。结果表明,SPF鸡粪菌移植与发酵床养殖模式下肉鸡生产性能和发育性能均高于传统普通地面平养模式,大肠杆菌抗药性有降低趋势。

关键词:抗药性;发酵床;性能

中图分类号:S831.4文献标识号:A文章编号:1001-4942(2015)05-0096-04

Study on Production Performance and Bacterial Resistance of Broilers with

Specific Pathogen Free Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Fermentation Bed

Li Yunxi1, Luo Yanbo2, Song Minxun3, Feng Minyan3, Lin Shuqian3,

Liu Junwei4, Guo Wenlong4, Liu Yuqing1,2*, Liu Huanqi1*

(1.College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; 2. Institute of Animal

Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; 3.Poultry Institute, Shandong

Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250023, China; 4. Qingdao Runda Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266109, China)

AbstractTo make clear the production performance and bacterial resistance of broilers with specific pathogen free (SPF) fecal microbiota transplantation on the fermentation bed, the weight gain, survival rate, immune organs, digestive organs, and the E.coli resistance were determined and compared with the traditional floor-rearing. The results indicated that the growth and production performances of the former were both superior to those of the traditional floor-rearing, and the E.coli resistance had a tendency to reduce.

Key wordsBacterial resistance; Fermentation bed ; Performance

随着《畜禽养殖污染防治条例》和《兽用处方药和非处方药管理办法》的颁布实施,肉鸡养殖面临着粪污处理和限制抗生素滥用的双重压力。SPF鸡粪菌移植和发酵床可能是较好的技术出路。发酵床养殖技术不需要大的工程投资,在鸡舍内原位发酵不需要额外场地,通过高温发酵和菌群演替能起到较为彻底的生物消毒作用,减少抗生素使用和粪便污染,是一种安全、环保、有效的生态养殖模式。

畜牧业普遍从欧美引进良种,主客不匹配和抗生素的影响更为严重。种鸡场集中种蛋、统一孵化,完全切断了鸡苗与母体的联系,无法继承母体完整的微生态菌群。养殖场采取全进全出制,尽管彻底清洗消毒鸡舍,但刚出壳雏鸡的消化道几乎无菌,最大可能还是从鸡舍残留粪粒获得菌群。这时普遍采用广谱“开口药”清肠,企图阻止外来菌群定殖,但阻碍的是正常菌群的定殖和肠道发育。之后用抗生素维持预防,严重影响消化道菌群结构,提高了抗药性水平,到休药期又面临一次菌群剧变的考验。……

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