4种秸秆腐熟剂对水稻产量影响的比较试验
2015-10-20王蓉倪丹
王蓉 倪丹



摘 要:在大田条件下,研究秸秆腐熟剂对水稻生长及其产量、小麦秸秆腐解速率、土壤微生物以及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,秸秆还田时施用秸秆腐熟剂对提高水稻产量具有明显的增产效果;秸秆切碎翻耕还田配秸秆腐熟剂显著,秸秆腐熟剂能够提高土壤中微生物数量、促进秸秆较快腐解,能够增加有机质,提高土壤保肥性。
关键词:秸秆腐熟剂;改土培肥;水稻产量
中图分类号:S511 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2015.10.025
Abstract: In field conditions, the effects of straw decomposition agent on seedling growth and rice yield and wheat straw solution rate, soil microorganisms and soil fertility were studied. The results showed that when the straw returning straw decomposition additive could improve the rice yield obviously; chopped straw plowing and mulching with straw decomposition agent can be significantly, straw decomposition additive can improve soil microbial quantity, promote straw rapidly decomposing, can increase the organic matter, improve the ability of soil and fertilizer.
Key words: straw decomposition agent;modified soil fertility;rice yield
目前,连云港市小麦种植面积在24.2 万hm2左右,小麦秸秆量达到1.5×106 t以上,由于以煤、电、气等商品能源代替了秸秆燃料等原因,小麦秸秆出现了阶段性过剩,为切实做好秸秆还田工作,促进有机废弃物的资源化利用,减少秸秆焚烧,减少对大气环境的影响,秸秆直接还田是培肥农田、解决焚烧的有效途径[1]。然而,由于秸秆进入土壤后的有机酸积累[2]、腐解缓慢以及对耕作、农艺操作等的不利影响,限制了其大面积推广应用。秸秆腐熟剂富含高效微生物菌,可以有效促进秸秆快速腐解[3],能够增加有机质,从而提高土壤的保肥性[4-7]。传统耕作、耕地、耙地次数多,削弱了土壤的粘结性和凝聚力,破坏了土壤结构[8-9]。为了验证腐熟剂在小麦秸秆还田中的适用性,促进植物根系生长,抑制土壤养分失调和植株生理性障碍[10],选取4种秸秆腐熟剂进行田间试验,研究其在秸秆切碎翻耕还田模式下的腐解效果,为大面积推广应用提供理论依据。
1 材料和方法
1.1 试验地点和土壤条件……p>
