郝永娟+霍建飞+高苇+刘春艳+王万立

摘 要： 为了明确天津地区番茄灰霉病菌的抗药性现状，采用菌丝生长速率法检测了天津地区21个菌株对6种杀菌剂的敏感性。结果表明，所测菌株对多菌灵的抗性频率为76.19%，高抗菌株抗性频率达19.05%；对嘧霉胺的抗性频率为71.42%，高抗菌株频率达2.85%；对乙霉威的抗性频率为42.86%，高抗菌株抗性频率为28.57%；对异菌脲的抗性频率为80.95%，无高抗菌株；对腐霉利的抗性频率为80.95%，高抗菌株抗性频率为19.05%，对咪鲜胺均表现敏感。42.86%的菌株对5种杀菌剂产生抗性，61.90%的菌株对4种以上药剂产生抗性。因此，6种新型杀菌剂中啶菌恶唑、苯醚甲环唑及咯菌腈对抗性菌株的抑菌活性较高，可供生产上选择使用。

关键词：番茄；灰霉病菌；抗药性检测

中图分类号：S436.412.1+3 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2015.10.020

Abstract： To investigate the resistance status of Botrytis cinerea on tomato in Tianjin， 21 B. cinerea strains were isolated from the diseased tomato fruits or leaves in different regions of Tianjin，and subjected to the mycelia growth inhibition assay of six frequently-used fungicides （carbendazim， pyrimethanil， diethofencarb， iprodione， procymidone， and prochloraz）. The results showed that the resistance frequency of these strains to carbendazim was 76.19%， and the highly-resistant frequency was 19.05%； the resistance frequency to Pyrimethanil was 71.42%， and the highly-resistant frequency was 2.85%； the resistance frequency to Diethofencarb was 42.86%， and the highly-resistant frequency was 28.57%； the resistance frequency to Iprodione was 80.95%， but no highly-resistant stain was detected； the resistance frequency to Procymidone was 80.95%， the highly-resistant frequency was 19.05%； all isolates were sensitive to Prochloraz. Among these detected 21 isolates， 42.86% strains had resistance to five kinds of fungicides， 61.90% isolates had resistance to four kinds of fungicides. Taken together， among these six frequently-used fungicides in Tianjin， SYP-Z048，Difenoconazole and Fludioxonil of six new kind fungicides could be recommended for the management of B. cinerea owing to their good inhibitory effect to all detected strains even to resistance stains.

Key words： tomato； Botrytis cinerea； resistance detection

番茄灰霉病（Botrytis cinerea Pers）是保护地番茄生产中的一种重要低温高湿病害。随着保护地栽培面积不断扩大，灰霉病的发生日益严重，一般造成产量损失15%～ 30% ， 局部减产70% 以上甚至绝收。生产上以化学药剂防治为主，常用的杀菌剂主要包括苯并咪唑类的多菌灵， 二甲酰亚胺类的腐霉利和N-苯氨基甲酸酯类的乙霉威等[1] 。据文献报道[2-4]， 在田间都发现了这几类药剂的单抗或多抗菌株，灰霉病菌有寄主范围广、繁殖快和遗传变异频繁等特点，使其极易对杀菌剂产生抗性，这为灰霉病的有效防治提出了更高的要求。为了解天津地区番茄灰霉病菌的抗药情况，笔者测定了天津地区番茄灰霉病菌对当前一些……