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右美托咪定对老年患者术后恢复期的心肌保护

2015-09-28申伟林张为民

中外医疗 2015年24期

申伟林 张为民

[摘要] 目的 探讨右美托咪定对老年患者术后恢复期的心肌保护效应。方法 随机选取该院2013年3月—2015年3月择期腹部手术的老年患者80例,随机分为两组(n=40):对照组(C组)和右美托咪定组(D组)。术毕转入重症监护室(ICU),D组静脉注射右美托咪定0.5 ug/kg作为负荷剂量,然后以0.3 ug/(kg·h)维持至拔出气管导管;C组给予等容量的生理盐水。记录MAP和HR变化,分析心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)的浓度变化。 结果 使用右美托咪定后D组HR明显减慢, MAP明显降低,与C组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与C组比较,D组血清H-FABP、CK-MB、cTnI浓度明显降低(P<0.05)。 结论 术后恢复期给予0.5 ug/kg负荷剂量的右美托咪定,随后以0.3 ug/(kg·h)持续静脉泵注,可减少老年患者血流动力学波动,降低心肌损伤,产生心肌保护效应。

[关键词] 右美托咪定;老年患者;术后恢复期;心肌保护

[中图分类号] R4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2015)08(c)-0149-03

Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Recovery of Myocardial Protection in Elderly Patients After Surgery

SHEN Wei-lin,ZHANG Wei-min

Department of ICU, Henan Jiaozuo the 91st Hospital of Liberation Army, Jiaozuo, Henan Province, 454003 China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on recovery of myocardial protective effect of aged patients. Methods 80 elderly patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery were randomly divided into two groups (n=40): control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D). Postoperative intensive care unit (ICU), group D intravenous dexmedetomidine 0.5 ug/kg as loading dose, and then to 0.3 ug/(kg·h) to pull out the endotracheal tube; C group received the same volume of saline. Record MAP and HR changes, analysis of heart type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration. Results The use of dexmedetomidine group D HR decreased significantly, MAP decreased significantly, compared with the C group, the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Compared with C group, D group, serum H-FABP, CK-MB, cTnI concentrations were significantly decreased(P < 0.05). Conclusion Postoperative recovery for 0.5 ug/kg loading dose of dexmedetomidine 0.3 ug/(kg·h), followed by continuous intravenous infusion in elderly patients, can reduce the fluctuation of hemodynamics, reduce myocardial injury, resulting in myocardial protection effect.

[Key words] Dexmedetomidine;Elderly patients;Postoperative convalescence; Myocardial protection

随着社会的进步和医疗水平的提高,接受手术的老年患者越来越多。对于这些患者,术后恢复过程中,手术创伤引起的疼痛及气管导管的刺激对病人影响较大,可致交感神经兴奋、儿茶酚胺分泌增加,主要表现为血压升高、心率加快,甚至出现病人躁动、心血管意外等应激反应,加重心肌损伤。研究表明,右美托咪定有抗心肌缺血的作用,能降低围术期心血管手术死亡率和心肌梗死发生率[1-2]。该研究观察右美托咪定对老年患者术后恢复期的心肌保护效应,为临床提供参考,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

随机选取该院2013年3月—2015年3月择期腹部手术的老年患者80例,随机分为对照组(C组)和右美托咪定组(D组),每组40例。C组男27例,女13例,年龄65~87岁,平均年龄(71±8)岁,体重47~82 kg,平均体重(65±6)kg;D组男28例,女12例,年龄63~85岁,平均年龄(73±5)岁,体重45~83 kg,平均体重(62±8)kg。……

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