王笛一

[摘要] 目的 探讨程序性护理模式在接受异基因造血干细胞移植术过程中并发口腔黏膜炎的应用效果。 方法 选取本院2012年7月～2014年7月就诊的94例在接受异基因造血干细胞移植术过程中并发口腔黏膜炎的患者作为研究对象，随机分为对照组和观察组，各47例。对照组给予造血干细胞移植术护理模式，观察组给予程序化护理模式。比较两组的护理满意度、症状消失时间、住院治疗总时间、不良反应发生率。 结果 观察组的护理满意度显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组的症状消失时间和住院治疗总时间显著短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组的不良反应发生率显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 程序性护理模式对在接受异基因造血干细胞移植术过程中并发口腔黏膜炎的应用效果显著，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词] 程序化护理；异基因造血干细胞移植；口腔黏膜炎

[中图分类号] R781.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2015）06（c）-0179-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of sequencing nursing model on allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with the complication of oral mucositis. Methods 94 patients occurred with oral mucositis during surgery of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from July 2012 to July 2014 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group，47 cases in each group.The control group was given nursing model of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation，the observation group was given sequencing nursing model.The degree of nursing satisfaction，symptom disappearance time，hospitalization time and the incidence rate of adverse reaction in two groups was compared. Results The degree of nursing satisfaction in the observation group was higher than that in the control group，with significant difference（P<0.05）.The time of symptom disappearance and hospitalization in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group，with significant difference（P<0.05）.The incidence rate of adverse reaction in the observation group was lower than that in the control group，with significant difference（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application effect of sequencing nursing model on allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with the complication of oral mucositis is significant，it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

[Key words] Sequencing nursing；Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation；Oral mucositis

口腔黏膜炎是临床上常见的口腔炎症性和溃疡性反应病变，是接受造血干细胞移植术治疗的患者在围术期内最为常见的并发症[1]。口腔黏膜炎的发病原因主要是移植前预处理应用的大剂量化疗药物对口腔黏膜上皮细胞造成损伤，破坏性干扰口腔黏膜细胞的周期，使腺体的实际分泌明显减少，导致口腔黏膜处于干燥状态，黏膜组织更新遭到破坏，进而出现溃疡症状[2-3]。这一病理学现象的出现，不仅会使原发病治疗方案的实施受到严重影响，还会使患者承受不必要的痛苦，导致临床治疗效果和患者的治疗依从性明显下降[4]。本研究选取本院的在接受异基因造血干细胞移植术过程中并发口腔黏膜炎的患者作为研究对象，给予程序化护理，探讨其效果。

1 资料与方法