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经肺动脉多普勒法与连续热稀释法测量瓣膜置换术患者心脏指数的一致性分析

2015-08-06王振红等

中国医药导报 2015年17期

王振红等

x[摘要] 目的 分析经食管超声心动图(TEE)经主肺动脉(MPA)测量的心脏指数(CIMPA)与肺动脉导管连续热稀释法监测心脏指数(CIPAC)的一致性。 方法 选择2013年4~6月在南京市第一医院择期行单纯二尖瓣置换术(MVR)或同期主动脉瓣膜置换术(DVR)的25例患者为研究对象。麻醉诱导后将TEE探头经口腔置入食管,于心肺转流术(CPB)后15 min(T1)、30 min(T2)、45 min(T3)、60 min(T4)和关胸后5 min(T5)、10 min(T6)、15 min(T7)时测定经主肺动脉的CIMPA,同时记录各时间点经肺动脉导管测定的CIPAC。采用Bland-Altman PLOT一致性检验分析CIMPA与CIPAC的一致性,采用线性回归分析两者的相关性。 结果 两种测量方法共168对CI值,两种方法测量CI的平均值为2.8 L/(min·m2),偏差为0.66 L/(min·m2),一致性界限为(-2.59~3.89)L/(min·m2),偏差的百分误为117%。CIPAC与CIMPA的回归方程为y=2.3+0.06x(r=0.21,P < 0.01),相关程度较弱。 结论 TEE经主肺动脉测量CI与肺动脉导管连续热稀释法监测CI的一致性较差,不可替代肺动脉导管热稀释法用于瓣膜置换术患者CI的监测。

[关键词] 经食管超声心动图;心排血量;心脏指数;导管插入术;Swan-Ganz

[中图分类号] R542.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2015)06(b)-0084-05

Consistency analysis of transesophageal echocardiography technique through the main pulmonary artery and continuous thermodilution technique in the detection of cardiac index of patients with valve replacement

WANG Zhenhong SHI Hongwei WEI Haiyan GE Yali ZHAO Yamei TAO Hongwei

Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University the First Hospital of Nanjing Cardiovascular Hospital of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210006, China

[Abstract] Objective To identify the agreement of cardiac index between transesophageal echocardiography technique through the main pulmonary artery and continuous thermodilution technique. Methods 25 patients who were scheduled for mitral valve replacement (MVR) or aortic valve replacement (AVR) simultaneously undergoing cardiopulmomary bypass in Nanjing first hospital from April to June in 2014 were included. The TEE probe was inserted after tracheal intubation. Cardiac index (CI) derived from TEE through the main pulmonary artery (CIMPA) and pulmonary artery catheter (CIPAC) were collected at seven study periods: approximately 15 min (T1), 30 min (T2), 45 min (T3), 60 min (T4) after termination of cardiopulmonary bypass, and approximately 5 min (T5), 10 min (T6), 15 min (T7) after closure of the incision. The consistency of CIMPA and CIPAC was analyzed by Bland-Altman plot method and linear regression analysis was used to analyzed the correlation coefficients between CIMPA and CIPAC. Results There are 168 matching data measured by two methods. The mean CI was 2.8 L/(min·m2), bias was 0.66 L/(min·m2), limit of agreement was from -2.59 to 3.89 L/(min·m2), and the percentage error was 117%. A weak correlation between CIMPA and CIPAC was found (y=2.3+0.06x, r=0.21, P < 0.01). Conclusion There is a poor agreement of CI between TEE technique through the main pulmonary artery and continuous thermodilution technique, and thermodilution technique is irreplaceable in the monitoring of CI in patients with valve replacement.

[Key words] Transesophageal echocardiography technique; Cardiac output; Cardiac index; Catheterization; Swan-Ganz

经食管超声心动图(TEE)作为一种微创诊断工具,进入临床应用的20多年来,在心脏手术患者术中心脏功能的评估和麻醉治疗中发挥了至关重要的作用。心排血量(CO)是围术期评估血流动力学最重要的基本指标之一,心脏指数(CI)是CO与单位体表面积(BSA)的比值,可以对个体进行直接比较。超声多普勒法可以对血流动力学进行定量的评估,通过测量计算出每搏量(SV)后,可由SV和心率(HR)得到CO[1]。相比较于经肺动脉导管热稀释法测量CO的“金标准”,TEE具有无创、不干扰手术操作、不污染术野等优点,并可以清楚连续的监控心脏结构功能。先前的研究主要比较TEE经主肺动脉测量的CO与经肺动脉导管热稀释法(单次注射法)测量的CO间的一致性,而本研究比较与验证了TEE经主肺动脉测量瓣膜置换患者的CI与经肺动脉导管热稀释法(连续法)测量的CI间的一致性,为临床瓣膜病患者提供一种微创的、持续的、准确的术中血流动力学监测方法。……

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