张驰++刘信平++张红玲

摘要：以板桥党参（Banqiao Codonopsis pilosulc）为原料，分别用去离子水、0.5 mol/L NaCl溶液、75%乙醇、0.1 mol/L KOH溶液为溶剂提取蛋白质。采用水提醇沉法，以石油醚脱脂，95 ℃热水浸提，Sevage试剂脱蛋白，乙醇醇析提取多糖。考马斯亮蓝G-250染色法测定提取的蛋白质含量，苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量，同时测定不同溶剂提取的蛋白质和多糖的还原能力以及对超氧阴离子自由基（O■-·）和羟自由基（·OH）的清除效果。结果表明，板桥党参富含蛋白质和多糖，并且都具有一定的还原能力和清除超氧阴离子自由基（O■-·）的能力，其中以水溶性蛋白质清除自由基的能力最强，多糖清除自由基的能力最弱，但是对羟自由基（·OH）都没有清除效果。

关键词：板桥党参（Banqiao Codonopsis pilosulc）；蛋白质；多糖；抗氧化活性

中图分类号：S567.5+3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）11-2640-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.11.021

Study on Antioxidant Activity in Vitro of Banqiao Codonopsis pilosulc

by Different Solvent Extraction

ZHANG Chi，LIU Xin-ping，ZHANG Hong-ling

（Biological Scientific and Technical College of Hubei Institute for Nationalities/

Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province， Enshi 445000，Hubei，China）

Abstract： Take Banqiao Codonopsis pilosulc as raw material，the protein was extracted respectively with deionized water，0.5 mol/L NaCl solution，75% ethanol，0.1 mol/L KOH solution as solvents. Using water extraction and alcohol sedimentation method， with petroleum ether degreasing，95 ℃ hot water extraction， Sevage reagent deproteinization， polysaccharide was extracted with ethanol precipitation. The protein content of extract was determined by coomassie brilliant blue G-250 dyeing method. The polysaccharide content of extract was determined by the method of phenol-sulfuric acid. At the same time， the reducibility and the removal effect of superoxide anion free radical （O2-·） and hydroxyl free radical （·OH） of different solvents were investigated. Results showed that Banqiao Codonopsis pilosulc were rich in protein and polysaccharide， which had certain reducibility and the removal effect of superoxide anion free radical （O2-·）， water-soluble proteins with the strongest ability of scavenging free radicals， polysaccharides with the weakest scavenging free radicals， but for hydroxyl free radical （·OH） without effect.

Key words： Banqiao Codonopsis pilosulc； protein； polysaccharide； antioxidant activity

党参为我国常用的传统补益药，古代以西上党地区出产的党参为上品，大量试验及临床研究表明党参或党参提取物对心血管系统、中枢神经系统、血液及造血功能、消化系统及免疫功能均有有益的作用[1-3]。板桥党参（Banqiao Codonopsis pilosulc）系桔梗科（Campanulacea）党参属（Codonopsis）植物川党参（Codonopsis tangshen Oliv.）的干燥根，产于享有“中国硒都”之称的湖北省恩施市的板桥镇[1]。该党参具有药用、食用、饮用、保健等多种功效，被誉为全国“四大名党”之首，享誉海内外。中医常以党参替代人参入药，现代医学研究表明板桥党参有治疗心血管病、延缓衰老等功效[4，5]。板桥党参在内质和外形上较国内其他品种均有明显差别，形成了自己独特的质量特征。

自由基是人体生命活动过程中生物化学反应的代谢产物。……