观完形“三生”演变取填空满分“真经”
2015-07-10张建新郭玉章
张建新+郭玉章
完形填空试题是一个成熟而稳定的题型。唯其成熟而稳定，考生往往见怪不怪，熟视无睹，忽视了许多可以提高分数成就自我的地方。今天，就让我们条分缕析，揭开她的神秘面纱，深刻认识完形填空试题，提高认识，超越自我。
一、深挖掘——完形填空乃“三生”有“型”
首先，让我们走入完形填空的往世、今生与来世，将她的“三生”看个仔细，充分破解完形填空试题的秘密！
1.述往世， 完形师出名门有依据
1953年，Wilson Taylor 最先根据格式塔心理学原理提出完形填空试题理论。该理论认为，人的心理现象最基本的特征是在意识经验中所显现的事物的结构性或整体性。
在右图中，虽然画图者只是在部分区域加入黑色图案，但人们总会把黑色和白色结合起来看成是一个完整的熊猫图形。基于相同的理论，命题者可以通过让被试者补充完整一篇部分信息缺失的文章来考查被试者的语言和思维能力。
例如：
What gets us into trouble is not what we dont . Its what we know for sure that just isnt so. 句中的空白造成部分信息缺失；但我们根据前后句对比就知道这句话的意思是：让我们陷入困境的不是无知，而是看似正确的谬误论断。从而推断出空白处应该填入的是know。
完形填空可以从词汇、短语、句式和篇章等四个难度逐渐增加的层次来设置试题，词汇级别对语言要求较多，但对思维能力要求最低，语篇层次试题对语言和思维能力要求最高。高考完形填空试题在四个层次都有涉及，但更注重考查学生的语言和思维能力，故词汇和篇章两个层次是设题的重点。
2.看今生，完形多变守规章
近年高考试题中完形填空的试题设置虽然在形式上千变万化，呈现出百花齐放的局面，但也遵守考查语言和思维能力的一定之规，表现出极强的规律性。下面以全国Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷及部分有代表性的地方试题为例，列表对比试题的规律和变革：
表一2014年高考完形填空试题对比
类别
体裁
题材
词数
设空
分值占比
全国Ⅰ卷
议论文
久而生厌
251
20
20%
全国Ⅱ卷
记叙文
登山救援
273
20
20%
北京卷
记叙文
新同学融入
456
20
20%
广东卷
说明文
家长子女关系
295
15
20%
江西卷
记叙文
机器人家庭
413
20
20%
从表一可以看出：
（1）完形填空在不同试卷中所占的分值比基本相同，占总试卷分值的20%。其分值占比仅次于阅读理解，是整套试卷中第二大分值题型。这个试题值得你努力，这个分值值得你拥有！
（2）体裁以记叙文或者夹叙夹议的记叙文为主，间或采用议论文或说明文。文体与难度无关，只和熟悉度有关。平时练习如果仅局限于记叙文，考试时遇见了不同文体，自然碍手碍脚。
（3）题材大多选用与考生年龄相仿的时代故事，较少在内容上设置难度。但是，留意生活，关心时事，也是考生应有之为。
[JP+1]
（4）为了给考生留下一个比较清晰的背景介绍，试题设空一般不出现在文章的第一句。设空间隔词数从12至25词不定。显然，设空越密集，难度越大。但试题设空一般比较均匀。[JP]
表二试题选项类别数量对比
[HT6]
类别
名词
动词
形容词
副词
介词
连词
短语
答案分布
全国Ⅰ卷
9
4
3
3
0
0
1
5A6B4C5D
全国Ⅱ卷
3
6
3
5
0
0
3
5A5B5C5D
北京卷
5
9
3
1
1
1
0
5A5B5C5D
广东卷
6
6
2
1
0
0
0
4A4B3C4D
江西卷
7
6
4
1
0
1
1
5A5B5C5D[HT]
从表二可以看出：
（1）试题考查以语义性填空为主，功能性填空为辅。功能性填空主要考查句子结构及一些固定搭配，要求填入适当的介词或连词。从5份试卷选项设置可以看出，功能性填空占比很少，甚至在一些试卷中不做考查。以测试考生的阅读能力和总体语言水平为主的设空叫语义性填空，要求填入适当的实词， 如名词、动词、形容词或副词等。语义性填空要求考生准确完整理解文章意思，完全复原文章，数量在各个试卷中基本都占到总题数的90%以上。因此，做好完形填空试题最关键的秘诀是理解、理解还是理解！读懂文章，理解文意，就是做好完形填空的不二法门！endprint
（2）名词考查点主要集中在词义辨析和搭配；动词的考查点主要体现在非谓语形式、短语组合、词义辨析和用法搭配等；形容词和副词主要考查词义辨析。此外，70%左右的选项需要根据文章的上下文来进行选择，这充分而必要地证明了 “选项语境化，试题语篇化”的完形填空命题原则，根据语篇和文意选出最佳答案，是完形填空分值最大化的最佳途径。
（3）答案分布一般均匀，但不排除个别例外。规律既是人制造的，也是被人用来打破的。但一般均匀的答案分布可以帮助我们在个别难题上做出甄别。
3.思来世，完形有形可绸缪
表三全国Ⅰ卷近5年变迁
[HT6]
年份
体裁
题材
词数
语义性选项
功能性选项
难度
2010
记叙文
夫妻情深
273
75%
25%
0.65
2011
记叙文
教师误导
224
100%
0%
0.50
2012
说明文
体态语的重要
251
90%
10%
0.54
2013
记叙文
残疾活动体验
205
95%
5%
0.55
2014
议论文
久而生厌
251
100%
0%
0.58[HT]
展望未来，完形填空作为一个稳定而成熟的题型，必然会保持“整体稳定，局部创新，稳中有变，变而不改基本规律”。试题体裁依然会以记叙文为主，少量选用说明文或议论文；题材贴近考生生活，不以偏难题材制胜；文章选材大都以意义积极、导向明确的优美文章为主，读来让人不单单在语言知识方面大有收获，而且在道德情感上也受到深深感染，具有传播正能量、弘扬主旋律的功用；文章词数基本稳定在250左右，但略有减少；难度系数总在55%左右，上一年偏难或偏易后会略加修正；从选项设置上可以看出，近年在选项命题上越来越倾向于设置语义性选项，功能性选项数量逐年下降，甚至出现完全不考查的年份。
作为考生，应该采取“精选试题，勤练多思把握规律”的策略，珍惜时间，注重效果，在短时间内高效学习，迅速提高自己的做题能力。凡是与高考命题原则不相符合的模拟试题，一律放弃不做。精选优质试题，不求数量求质量，按照做题规律，勤练多思，把握解题规律，寻找破解之道。
下面就是完形填空的解题规律，你做好准备了吗？
二、细琢磨——完形填空真“庖丁之牛”
近年整体来看，试题难度虽然在一直下降，但完形填空却仍然是整套试题中一个拉开差距的重要考查题型。同学们要力争避免以下错误的做题方法：
★边看文章边选答案，匆忙作答。这样做题，看似很节省时间，但会造成“一错再错，连续犯错”的恶果。
[JP+2]
★凭空猜想，不看上下文。做题的时候不注意从语境中寻找答案，而是凭自己的猜想去选择答案。做题时觉得自己选择的很有道理，一核对答案，又觉得自己错得太离谱。[JP]
★汉语思维，忽略文章和英语习惯。这样的后果就是：自以为是，其实不是！
正确解答完形填空试题应该采用以下的方式，无论是高考还是平时的练习。按照正确的方法做题，养成习惯，你就踏上了成功的快速通道！
1.通读全文明大意
完形填空试题的命题原则是“选项语境化，试题语篇化”，答案就蕴含在上下文语境的理解之中。所以，要正确理解完形填空试题文章，就必须首先完整通读文章，准确把握文章所要表达的意思。例如：
（1）As a matter of fact， we can see this principle at work in people of all42.（2014年全国Ⅰ卷）
42. A. partiesB. races
C. countriesD. ages
解析：通读全文，就会发现下面分别从children， adolescents， young adults和retired people来论证这个原理， 所以选择D。
（2）But Simon decided to risk his 45and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（绳）. （2014年全国Ⅱ卷）
45. A. fortuneB. time
C. healthD. life
解析：读完全文，就知道Simon是在冒着自己的生命危险要把Joe救下山，故选D。
2.细研首句定大局
[JP+1]
完形填空第一句话除非是复杂的主从复合句，否则，一般不在首句命制试题。这就给考生一个清晰而完整的文章背景。说明文和议论文一般在第一句话给出文章的主题句，交代全文的主题；记叙文往往介绍了事件发生的时间、地点、人物和起因等细节信息。仔细分析文章的首句，往往能获取好多的解题信息，不可忽视。[JP]
[JP+1]
在2014年全国Ⅰ卷中，文章首句“As a general rule， all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine（常规）basis.”就开篇明意地告诉我们文章的主要论点：基于常规基础所做的任何行为必然导致厌倦。明白全文的观点，就很容易理解下面分别从4个不同年龄段的人的行为进行论证的对比结构形式，一些试题就会迎刃而解，例如：[JP]endprint
As a matter of fact， we can see this 41 at work in people of all ages. （2014年全国Ⅰ卷）
41. A. principleB. habit
C. weakerD. power
解析：本题的难度系数为0.41， 在完形填空中属于得分较低的一个试题。但文章的开头就已经告诉我们这是一个general rule，而且根据意思理解，本文观点也是人们的一个常见心理行为，而不是一个“习惯”。但有37.89%的考生选择了B，实在令人叹惜。
3.常规情理选大数
在通读全文和仔细分析首句后，考生通常对全文意思会有准确把握。在此基础上，按照生活常识和一般情理，我们通常能做出约70%的简单试题。高考试题的一个重要命题原则就是“所选有所据”，换句话说，每一个答案在上下文中必然有所提示。我们考生应该努力找到这些提示，争取得到高分。例如：
（1）词语搭配
Before people retire， they usually 55 to do a lot of great things， which they never had time to do while working. （2014年全国Ⅰ卷）
55. A. needB. learn
C. startD. plan
解析：在退休之前，他们还需要工作，没有时间做自己想做的事，所以他们也只能想想，根据后面的动词不定式形式，我们可以轻松知道答案为D。
（2）生活常识
For example， on Christmas morning， children are excited about43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears off. （2014年全国Ⅰ卷）
43. A. workingB. living
C. playingD. going
44. A. confidenceB. interest
C. anxietyD. sorrow
解析：根据生活常识，孩子们肯定要“玩耍”他们的玩具，看到后面的介词with很容易就想到固定搭配play with。玩一段时间后，他们就会失去“兴趣”而将它们扔到一边。故43题选C，44题选B。
（3）上下语境
One day a 11 walked in and the parrot said to the man.（2014年山东卷）
11. A. groupB. team
C. coupleD. crowd
解析：本题出现在文章的开头，但根据文章最后一段中的句子“A couple of weeks passed and in walked this guy and his wife again.”可以判断出进来的是“一对夫妻”，故选C。
4.逻辑思路除疑难
对于完形填空中的一些疑难试题，我们要注意采用多种逻辑分析方式来选择最合适的选项或者排除不合理的选项。
（1）指代关系
When parents bring home a pet， their child gladly bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time， however， the 49 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.（2014年全国Ⅰ卷）
49. A. promiseB. burden
C. rightD. game
解析：根据上一句话，可知是用burden来指代给宠物洗澡、梳理毛发等“辛苦活儿”， 故选B。
（2）相反关系
All our17life， I was the “artist”， bringing to our house much imagination. Steve was the “18” one. （2014年重庆卷）
17. A. separateB. shared
C. spiritualD. social
18. A. activeB. boring
C. carelessD. practical
解析：根据文章内容可知：作者和自己丈夫共同生活期间，作者过着艺术家般的想象生活；与之对比，丈夫包揽了家里的一切杂活，是个“实干家”。前后对比，可知17选B，18选D。
（3）并列关系
The world is full of46 stamp albums and unfinished models， each standing as a monument to someones passing interest. （2014年全国Ⅰ卷）
46.A. wellorganized
B. colorfullyprinted
C. newly collected
D. halffilled
解析：46题的难度系数是0.38，难度比较大，但是根据and并列结构后面的unfinished很容易选出答案应该是D。
（4）其他逻辑
①Sweetie， my company wants to16 me but needs me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling that youve done well and allowing you to skip a grade （跳级）.（2014年天津卷）endprint
16. A. attractB. promote
C. surpriseD. praise
解析：由下文母亲比喻作者跳级的问题可知，母亲要升职，但是要到巴西工作，故选B。
②It wasnt a 40 operation like iceskating. Ironing was like driving a car on a street that has a stop sign every 10 feet.（2014年湖南卷）
40. A. directB. single
C. smoothD. strange
解析：熨衣服不像滑冰，而像在一个每10英尺就有个停止信号的路上开车。这个比喻也很清楚地告诉了我们，熨衣服不能顺利进行，而是需要不停地停顿。故选C。
（5）排除方法
①Then another 47 occurred. They couldnt see or hear each other. （2014年全国Ⅱ卷）
47. A. damageB. storm
C. changeD. trouble
解析：本题难度较大，好多考生选择了B。考虑到修饰语another，必然是呼应前面的内容，而前面的内容是说Joe在下山时摔断了腿，据此可以排除B，故选D。
②Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country， you should be aware of those differences and 28 them.（2014年重庆卷）
28. A. rejectB. recite
C. respectD.remove
解析：有的考生对于respect只知道有“尊重”的意思，却不知道还有“遵守”的意思。但对于不同的文化差异，我们肯定不可能“拒绝”或者“背诵”，也不可能“去除”。排除三个不可能的答案，自然就可以选出正确选项C。
5.仔细复查有保障
根据高考评卷数据对比可以看出，虽然试卷整体难度不高，但简单的文章中也总会有为数不多的几个试题得分率非常低。仔细研究这几个试题就会发现：突破长难句，准确理解文章意思，就是学生攻破瓶颈，夺取高分的关键。以全国新课标Ⅰ卷完形填空为例， 得分率较低的几个试题分析如下：
（1）But their interest soon wears off and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. （2014年全国Ⅰ卷）
45. A. sameB. extra
C. funnyD. expensive
解析：该题的正确率只有28%，是完形填空中正答率最低的试题。该题得分率低，主要原因不是学生分辨不清四个选项，而是被句子意思所迷惑。这是一个“主谓宾+宾补”的句子，而且使用了被动语态，改变了正常的表达顺序，还原后句子应该为：（We） can find those 45toys put away in the basement by January. 意思是：（圣诞节时小孩子对这些新玩具爱不释手），到一月份我们就会发现（还是）这些相同的玩具却被收藏在了地下室里。故选A。
（2）The world is full of 46stamp albums and unfinished models， each standing as a monument to someones 47 interest. （2014年全国Ⅰ卷）
46. A. wellorganized
B. colorfullyprinted
C. newlycollected
D. halffilled
47. A. broadB. passing
C. differentD. main
解析：46题的正确率为38%，47题的正答率为36%。除了选项具有一定的干扰性之外，还因为文章中使用了独立主格结构“each standing as a monument”增加了理解上的难度。46选D，47选B。
（3）And then， how many adults， who now complain （抱怨） about the long drives to work， 53 drove for hours at a time when they first obtained their drivers licenses （执照）？ （2014年全国Ⅰ卷）
53. A. carefullyB. eagerly
C. nervouslyD. bravely
解析：53题的正确率只有49%。错误率高的主要原因是中间的定语从句“who now complain （抱怨） about the long drives to work”对选项产生了巨大的干扰。定语从句讲述现在司机厌烦了开车，这和主句中过去刚拿到驾照时的司机迫切盼望开车上路形成对比。好多考生只注意句子意思而忽视了时态上前后的对比，所以就按照意思选择了错误的答案。本题选B。
基于以上的分析，建议同学们平时在学习上要注意牢固把握基本句式，特别注意准确分析和理解长难句式，形成“基础有把握，难点有突破”。在考试的时候，对于长难的句式，要给予特别的关注和复查，做到准确理解，正确选择。endprint
三、勤思练——完形填空如翻掌之易
下面精心选择的完形填空试题中，前面两篇具有浓郁的技术特点，同学们对比上面所讲的解题策略，仔细琢磨，认真体会，这两篇试题可以让你迅速把握完形填空的做题技巧，高效提高自己的解题能力；第三篇试题比较容易，做一做，比一比，看看你是否能得心应手地应用你所学的做题技巧；第4～5两篇文章是中等难度的试题；最后一篇具有较大难度，拾级而上，你的水平是否也能水涨船高呢？
（一）
For hours I had been traveling up the Nile Valley， from Luxor to Cairo，on a train jammed with Egypts working poor.
At 1 a.m. I 1 Cairo and took a taxi to Tahrir Square. I was 2and，having been to Cairo before， knew that while most of the city was 3 at this hour， a couple of fastfood restaurants would be open there.
The taxi dropped me 4across the street from Hardees. A moment later，just as I was about to 5 the restaurant door，two street children ran towards me with full 6 for food.
Being a veteran（经验丰富的） traveler 7 having once lived in Egypt for a year，I was no stranger to children 8 or people asking me for help. But seldom had I been so 9 by the sincerity of the request.
I turned back to the 10 and asked them to wait while I went inside to buy them food. At the counter I 11 two hamburgers for the boys.
When their food was ready， I walked back 12 and invited them in to eat with me. “No！” they cried 13.“We do not belong in such a nice place！”
14 to persuade them otherwise， I brought the 15 out，and as they took the burgers， they showered me with 30 seconds of nonstop 16， praying that Allah would always bless me.
And this is 17， five years later， I still ask for Gods blessings for those two Egyptian boys. I 18 as sincerely as they had for me， 19 that while they had nothing material to give， they had given me something 20， an awareness of my spiritual poverty and a desire for a softer heart.
1.A.reachedB.saw
C.visitedD.noticed
2.A.thirstyB.angry
C.hungryD.frightened
3.A.let downB.closed down
C.got downD.put down
4.A.awayB.back
C.outD.off
5.A.shutB.lock
C.coverD.open
6.A.smilesB.hardships
C.criesD.honors
7.A.apart fromB.as well as
C.in favor ofD.in return for
8.A.beatingB.struggling
C.beggingD.trembling
9.A.surprisedB.regretted
C.appointedD.moved
10.A.boysB.drivers
C.waitersD.workers
11.A.orderedB.demanded
C.requestedD.deserved
12.A.insideB.outside
C.forwardD.backward
13.A.happilyB.cheerfully
C.astonishinglyD.sadly
14.A.UnableB.Impossible
C.ReadyD.Willing
15.A.bookB.foodendprint
C.cookD.look
16.A.blessingsB.belongings
C.campaignsD.challenges
17.A.howB.why
C.whereD.when
18.A.tellB.speak
C.prayD.bow
19.A.forgettingB.following
C.regrettingD.remembering
20.A.greaterB.fewer
C.lessD.lower
（二）
A businesswoman got into a taxi in midtown. As it was the rush hour and she was in a1to catch a train， she2a quick way to reach it.“I have been a taxi driver for 15 years！” the driver said3. “You dont think I know the best way to go？”
The woman tried to explain that she hadnt 4to annoy him， but the driver kept5. She finally realized that he was too annoyed to be6， so she changed her7. “You know， you are right， ” she told him. “It must seem 8 for me not to think you know the best way9 the city.”
10， the driver glanced at his11in the rearview mirror， turned down the street she wanted and got her to the train on time.“He didnt say another word the rest of the ride，” she said. “12I got out and paid him. Then he thanked me.”
When you find yourself13with people like the taxi driver， you will always try to14 your idea. It can lead to longer arguments， lose job chances or 15 marriages. I have discovered one simple16extremely unlikely method that can prevent the disagreement or other difficult situations from17in a disaster.
The18is to put yourself in the other persons shoes and look for the19 in what that person is saying. Find a way to20， and the result may surprise you.
1. A. hurryB. rush
C. momentD. way
2. A. choseB. made
C. foundD. suggested
3. A. jokinglyB. angrily
C. anxiouslyD. curiously
4. A. supposedB. expected
C. meantD. decided
5. A. apologizingB. driving
C. askingD. shouting
6. A. reasonableB. thoughtful
C. normalD. practical
7. A. roadB. mind
C. directionD. manner
8. A. strangeB. wrong
C. terribleD. stupid
9. A. acrossB. in
C. throughD. along
10. A. SurprisedB. Worried
C. AnnoyedD. Disappointed
11. A. riderB. speaker
C. helperD. comer
12. A. untilB. after
C. becauseD. since
13. A. satisfiedB. concerned
C. crowdedD. faced
14. A. give upB. turn down
C. stick toD. point out
15. A. combineB. destroy
C. sufferD. divide
16. A. andB. that
C. butD. though
17. A. lyingB. resultingendprint
C. settingD. leading
18. A. problemB. importance
C. keyD. reply
19. A. factB. meaning
C. expressionD. truth
20. A. agreeB. argue
C. explainD. escape
（三）
When I was growing up， I had an old neighbour named Dr. Gibbs. He didnt look like other doctors I had ever known. He never 1 at us for playing in his yard. I remember him as someone nice and 2. When Dr. Gibbs wasnt saving 3， he was planting trees. His house sat on ten acres， and his lifes 4was to make it a forest.
But he 5 watered his new trees. Once I asked why. He said that watering plants would6 them， and that 7 you water them， each successive（后继的） 8 of trees will grow weaker and weaker. So you have to make things 9 for them.
Hed planted an oak， and instead of watering it every morning， hed 10 it with a rolledup newspaper. I asked him why he did that， and he said it was to cause the trees 11. Dr. Gibbs passed away a couple of years ago. 12， I walk by his house and look at the trees that I watched him plant some 25 years ago. They are big and 13 now. Sufferings seemed to 14 them in ways ease and 15 never could.
Every night before I go to bed， I check on my two sons. I stand over them and watch their little bodies， the rising and falling of life within. I often pray for them. Mostly I pray that their lives will be 16. But lately Ive been thinking that its time to 17 my prayer， because life is 18， whether we want it to be or not. Too many times we pray for ease， but thats what we seldom 19. What we need to do is to pray for roots that reach deep into the earth， so when the rains fall and the winds blow， we wont be 20.
1. A. smiledB. shouted
C. lookedD. kicked
2. A. coldB. lonely
C. mildD. careful
3. A. moneyB. lives
C. flowersD. energy
4. A. goalB. way
C. attitudeD. theory
5. A. regularlyB. sometimes
C. neverD. always
6. A. removeB. benefit
C. drownD. spoil
7. A. ifB. unless
C. althoughD. since
8. A. kindB. group
C. rankD. generation
9. A. roughB. free
C. availableD. poisonous
10. A. protectedB. tied
C. beatD. wrapped
11. A. angerB. defense
C. shadeD. death
12. A. More or lessB. Now and again
C. Sooner or laterD. Here and there
13. A. thinB. dying
C. ripeD. strong
14. A. benefitB. harm
C. affectD. changeendprint
15. A. cureB. danger
C. comfortD. difficulty
16. A. interestingB. colorful
C. easyD. hopeful
17. A. strengthenB. change
C. repeatD. realize
18. A. toughB. helpless
C. variousD. valuable
19. A. seekB. prove
C. shareD. meet
20. A. challengedB. defeated
C. missedD. forgotten
（四）
I was cleaning out an old box when an old card caught my eye：Queen City Casket Company. “What is it？” I wondered. I1it over. There， in faded ink， was a handscrawled（手写的）2.Immediately my mind traveled3many years.
I was nine years old， walking down the cold， wet streets of Springfield， with a bag of magazines on my shoulder. On my4that day， I came to that Company finally， whose owner， Mr. Rader， had always taken me there to ask his workers5they wanted any magazines.
Shaking off the6like a wet dog， I entered Mr. Raders office. After a quick glance he 7me over to the fireplace. Noticing the8in the top of my9， he said， “Come with me！” pulling me into his pickup10 . We pulled to a stop before a shoe store. Inside， a salesman11me with the finest pair of Oxfords I had12 seen. I 13about 10 feet tall when I got up14 them. “Wed like a pair of new socks， too.” Mr. Rader said.
Back in his office， Mr. Rader took out a15， wrote something on it， and handed it to me. With16eyes， I read， “Do to others as you would have them do to you.” He said affectionately （深情地）， “Jimmy， I want you to17I love you.”
I said goodbye， and for the first time I18a flicker of hope that somehow things would be19. With people like Mr. Rader in the world， there was hope， kindness and love， and that would always make a20.
1. A. readB. thought
C. turnedD. passed
2. A. addressB. list
C. messageD. information
3. A. forwardB. so
C. aheadD. back
4. A. returnB. rounds
C. tripD. arrival
5. A. if onlyB. how
C. whetherD. why
6. A. dustB. sweat
C. tailD. rain
7. A. ledB. followed
C. watchedD. carried
8. A. holeB. mud
C. waterD. cover
9. A. magazineB. shoe
C. sockD. bag
10. A. truckB. factory
C. homeD. store
11. A. dressedB. fitted
C. showedD. comforted
12. A. everB. already
C. neverD. hardly
13. A. appearedB. seemed
C. lookedD. felt
14. A. forB. with
C. onD. in
15. A. penB. paperendprint
C. cardD. notebook
16. A. tearfulB. unbelievable
C. curiousD. puzzled
17. A. admitB. know
C. considerD. express
18. A. sensedB. received
C. lostD. gained
19. A. mistakenB. right
C. all rightD. possible
20. A. dealB. fortune
C. choiceD. difference
（五）
It was my first year teaching in a special needs class， and I wasnt sure what to expect at our yearly Special Olympics sports meeting. My1had some challenges， from learning disabilities to cerebral palsy （大脑性麻痹）.
Mark was one with the latter. Restricted to a2， he had to fight his spasms （抽筋） just to control his movements.3， he always had a positive attitude and greeted everyone with a huge smile.
His classmates4him and always took the time to make sure he was included in group activities， especially Mike， Andy and Lucas， three boys who were good at5. Obviously， Mark wanted to be like them， unrestricted by the limitation of his6and watching them moving on the playing field seemed to fill him with7.
When the day came， Mike， Andy and Lucas8well in their sports events， and gave the normally calm audience something to cheer about. Mark sat in his wheelchair on the sidelines， 9 them on.
The final event of the day was the 400 meter race.10was invited to either walk or run， according to their ability， around the11length of the track.
When Mike， Andy and Lucas reached the finish line， they12and turned to look behind them. At the13of the crowd， determined not to be left behind， was Mark. All his classmates had14him. He was alone on the track with over half the distance left to15.
Mike， Andy and Lucas looked at each other， and a silent16passed between them. Slowly， they jogged17towards their friend， cheering him on18he had done for them moments before.
The progress was19， but in the end the three star runners and Mark crossed the finish line together to the enthusiastic cries of their teachers and classmates. Seeing the look on Marks face as he crossed the finish line， hands upraised and laughing， I came to understand what20 the Special Olympics， and the determined athletes who compete， so extraordinary.
Years later， Im still cheering them on.
1. A. partnersB. friends
C. studentsD. classmates
2. A. bedB. machine
C. wheelchairD. desk
3. A. SoB. However
C. OtherwiseD. Therefore
4. A. protectedB. satisfiedendprint
C. respectedD. loved
5. A. sportsB. practice
C. studiesD. expression
6. A. interestsB. body
C. habitsD. mind
7. A. wonderB. trust
C. stressD. reset
8. A. trainedB. played
C. operatedD. prepared
9. A. bringingB. holding
C. cheeringD. moving
10. A. SomeoneB. Nobody
C. AnybodyD. Everyone
11. A. entireB. different
C. averageD. equal
12. A. fellB. paused
C. rushedD. rested
13. A. centerB. front
C. endD. top
14. A. leftB. ignored
C. passedD. helped
15. A. continueB. jog
C. walkD. cover
16. A. demandB. thought
C. actionD. relief
17. A. backB. along
C. againD. on
18. A. whileB. although
C. sinceD. as
19. A. boringB. great
C. slowD. relaxing
20. A. leavesB. finds
C. keepsD. makes
（六）
In 1970， at the age of 35，my father was diagnosed with Parkinsons disease. There was not much 1 done at that time and my father had to 2 the medication and treatment that were available at that time. But one thing was 3， my father was not a quitter（遇困难就放弃的人）. He was a teacher who 4 children with special educational needs in Chicago Public High School. Every day we would hear 5 about “his kids”. These “Kids” did not usually 6 my sister and I.
One day， my father arrived at his school and walked up the 7 for his first period. He was having a very 8 day because the disease was really taking everything out of him. He 9 once and bruised（擦伤）his knee but he still kept going.10 did he know that someone was watching.
As the day 11 his steps began to get a little lighter. At the end of the day， he was about to leave 12 a young girl entered his office. He had met her in the hallway but she was not one of his 13. He asked what he could do for her and she said，“I just wanted to thank you for 14 my life.”
He looked at her and couldnt 15 what he had done. She then went on 16. “When I got up this morning， I felt as if I was at the end of my 17 and ready to kill myself. But when I saw you trying to go up the stairs and then you fell， I felt 18 and the feeling of sadness just kept getting 19. And now you are walking as 20 as ever. Its really true that everything will get better as the days go on.”
1. A. informationB. research
C. knowledgeD. experience
2. A. give upB. send out
C. take inD. rely onendprint
3. A. obviousB. special
C. difficultD. strange
4. A. abandonedB. followed
C. taughtD. attended
5. A. storiesB. jokes
C. songsD. humors
6. A. connectB. change
C. meanD. defeat
7. A. mountainsB. stairs
C. laddersD. streets
8. A. normalB. pleasant
C. unfortunateD. difficult
9. A. fellB. happened
C. appearedD. stood
10. A. SeldomB. Little
C. MuchD. Never
11. A. arrivedB. progressed
C. brokeD. stopped
12. A. untilB. before
C. whenD. while
13. A. studentsB. soldiers
C. teachersD. workers
14. A. losingB. giving
C. passingD. saving
15. A. write downB. figure out
C. cut offD. put up
16. A. respondingB. continuing
C. explainingD. complaining
17. A. ropeB. wall
C. roadD. work
18. A. sorryB. bad
C. luckyD. proud
19. A. clevererB. weaker
C. higherD. stronger
20. A. carefullyB. quickly
C. lightlyD. slowly
参考答案：
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6—10CBCDA
11—15ABCAB
16—20ABCDA[ZK）]
（二）1—5ADBCD
6—10ABBCA11—15AADCB
16—20DBCDA
（三）1—5BCBAC
6—10DADAC
11—15BBDAC
16—20CBADB
（四）1—5CCDCC
6—10DAABA
11—15BADDC
16—20ABACD
（五）1—5CCBDA
6—10BABCD
11—15ABCCD
16—20BADCD
（六）1—5BDACA
6—10CBDAD
11—15BCADB
16—20CABDCendprint
