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海面多路径效应对被动微波测角的影响分析

2014-12-18樊鹏飞欧阳中辉

现代电子技术 2014年24期

樊鹏飞+欧阳中辉

摘  要: 在拦截超低空目标时,海面多路径效应会严重影响被动制导型舰空导弹的测角精度。首先阐述海面多路径效应产生机理,然后结合旋转式相位干涉仪的测角原理,通过建立海面多路径镜面反射几何模型,给出了双天线直达信号和镜面反射信号表达式。在此基础上,选取典型超低空弹道,根据仿真结果代入多路径计算模型,分析超低空弹道多路径效应对测角精度的影响。仿真结果表明,海面多路径效应对被动微波体制导引头测角影响显著,为下一步研究抑制多路径影响措施提供了重要参考。

关键词: 海面多路径效应; 被动雷达导引头; 镜面反射; 超低空弹道

中图分类号: TN97?34                        文献标识码: A                            文章编号: 1004?373X(2014)24?0056?05

Simulation analysis on influence of sea surface multipath effect on PRS angle measurement

FAN Peng?fei, OUYANG Zhong?hui

(Department of Ordnance Science and Technology, Naval Aeronautical and Astronautical University, Yantai 264001, China)

Abstract: As attacking the ultralow?altitude targets, the sea surface multipath effect has great influence on passive radar seeker (PRS) angle measuring precision of ship?to?air missile. The occurring principle of sea surface multipath effect is described. The specular reflection geometric model of the sea surface multipath effect is built in combination with the angle measuring principle of rotating phase interferometer. By this model, the expressions of direct signal and specular reflection signal of dual?atenna are given. On this basis, typical low?altitude ballistic trajectories are selected to analyze the influence of the multipath effect on the angle measuring accuracy according to the results of the simulation calculation in multipath effect model. The simulation results show that sea surface multipath effect affects PRS angle measuring accuracy significantly. The achievement provided an important reference for the next research on restraining multipath effect.

Keywords: sea surface multipath effect; passive radar seeker; specular reflection; ultralow?altitude ballistic trajectory

0  引  言

电磁波在传播过程中经地面、海面或其他物体反射后,往往存在包括直线传播以外的多条路径。在雷达接收机处,来自同一辐射源的电磁波经不同路径传播后形成的多径信号,会给雷达对目标正常的截获和跟踪性能造成影响,这种现象被称为多路径效应[1]。

末端舰空导弹的拦截目标多为超低空反舰导弹,跟踪雷达的工作状态往往是低仰角姿态,通常会受到海面反射信号的干扰,因此被动雷达天线极易受多路径效应影响[2]。当反射表面比较光滑时,这种误差更为强烈,严重时会使导弹跟踪到镜像目标,造成拦截失败。为了提高舰空导弹的拦截效能,必须详细分析海面多路径效应对被动微波测角的影响,从而为进一步研究抑制多路径效应措施提供参考。……

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