蒋淑儒 周建平 郭华 王杰 肖丽飞

摘   要：为了研究不同贮藏条件对油茶籽品质的影响，将整粒不去壳油茶籽与去壳油茶籽仁在不同包装条件下贮藏180 d ，测定贮藏期间油茶籽的酸值、过氧化值、烂籽率等理化指标。结果表明：随贮藏时间的增加，酸值、烂籽率呈直线上升状态，过氧化值呈波浪状上升趋势。整粒不去壳籽与去壳未破损籽仁储藏品质较稳定，而去壳破损的油茶籽仁储藏稳定性较差;真空包装的油茶籽品质明显优于非真空包装的油茶籽。由于去壳未破损油茶籽中提取出来的油茶籽油的酸价与过氧化值均与未去壳储藏的油茶籽之间无显著性差异，且霉变籽粒率低于未去壳储藏的油茶籽，可以考虑采用剥壳后真空储藏的方式来储藏油茶籽仁。

关键词：油茶籽;温度;真空;贮藏;品质

中图分类号：TS222 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-060X（2014）02-0069-03

Influences of Different Storage Conditions on Quality of Oil-camellia Seeds

JIANG Shu-ru1， ZHOU Jian-ping1， GUO Hua1， WANG Jie2， XIAO Li-fei1

（1. College of Food Science and Technology， HNAU， Changsha 410128， PRC;

2. College of Resource and Environment， HNAU， Changsha 410128， PRC）

Abstract： In order to study the influences of different storage conditions on quality of oil-camellia seeds， the complete oil-camellia seeds and the peeled oil-camellia seed kernels were stored at different packaging conditions for 180 d， and then the physical and chemical indexes of them were measured， such as the acid value， the peroxide value and the rotten seed rate. The result showed that with storage time passed by， the acid value and the rotten seed rate increased straightly， but the peroxide value wavy increased. The storage quality of the complete oil-camellia seeds and the peeled oil-camellia seed kernels without broken was relatively stable， but the storage quality of the peeled oil-camellia seed kernels with broken was poor in stability; the quality of vacuum-packed oil-camellia seeds was better than that of zip-locked one evidently. Because of peeled oil-camellia seeds without broken had no significant differences in the acid value and the peroxide value in comparison with the complete oil-camellia seeds， and its moldy-seed rate was lower than the complete oil-camellia seeds， therefore， using the vacuum storage way to store the peeled oil-camellia seed kernels can be considered.

Key words：oil-camellia seed; temperature; vacuum; storage; quality

油茶為属山茶科山茶属树种。油茶籽油是从油茶种籽中制取出来的。油茶籽油中含有90%以上的不饱和脂肪酸，并且含有较多的活性物质，具有很高的营养价值[1]，是国际粮农组织首推的保健食用油。

目前我国食用油供需矛盾突出，对外依存度大。因此，国家将油料作物提升到国家发展战略层面。由于油菜、大豆等大宗油料的种植受土地限制，发展潜力相对较小，但油茶生产可以利用我国广大的丘陵山地，不与粮争地，发展潜力巨大。因此，油茶产业日益受到政府和民间的重视，油茶树种植面积亦迅速扩大，据统计，目前我国油茶面积约300万hm2，油茶籽年产量100万t左右[2]。……