欧鸥 王若仲 丁君辉

摘  要：以萌发特性差异显著的杂交水稻品种培矮64S和金23B为材料，通过对其种子萌发率的测定并结合种子萌发过程中内源植酸、肌醇、可溶性糖等生理生化成分含量的动态变化分析，比较了培矮64S和金23 B生理特性的差异。结果表明：在种子萌发过程中，植酸含量均下降，蒸馏水培养金23B 48 h植酸的含量高于培矮64S，120 h含量降至比培矮64S低。肌醇含量均上升，且金23B的升幅大于培矮64S。可溶性糖含量均上升，金23B在各个时间点的含量均低于培矮64S。由此说明，易萌发的金23B种子萌发时的分解代谢作用比培矮64S种子萌发时旺盛。

关键词：杂交水稻;种子萌发;植酸;肌醇;可溶性糖;萌发率

中图分类号：S511 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-060X（2014）02-0031-03

Comparison of Physiological Characteristics Related to

Seed Germination between Hybrid Rice Varieties

― Peiai64S and Jin23B

OU Ou， WANG Ruo-zhong， DING Jun-hui

（Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development， HNAU， Changsha 410128， PRC）

Abstract： Hybrid rice varieties Peiai64S and Jin23B are significant difference in germination characteristics. They were used as experimental materials to compare the physiological characteristics through determining seed germination rate and analyzing dynamic changes in contents of physiological and biochemical compositions （endogenetic phytic acid， inositol， soluble sugar， etc.） during seed germination. The results showed that during whole process of seed germination， the content of phytic acid decreased， in comparison with Peiai64S， it was higher in Jin23B cultured in distilled water for 48 h， but lower after 120 h; the content of inositol increased， and it increased larger in Jin23B than Peiai64S; the content of soluble sugar also increased， but it was lower in Jin23B in each time point in comparison with Peiai64S. Therefore， the variety of easy to sprout rice — Jin23B is more active in catabolism than the other rice variety — Peiai64S when seed germination， but the synthesizing content of α-amylases is lower than Peiai64S.

Key words： hybrid rice; seed germination; phytic acid; inositol; soluble sugar; germination rate

種子的萌发常常被看作是种子植物生命周期的开始，从生理角度看，萌发是无休眠或已解除休眠的种子吸水后由相对静止状态转为生理活动状态，呼吸作用增强，酶的种类和数量显著增加，同时启动大量的酶促反应进行生物转化，种子中储藏的各种物质被转化和提升为可供新生命利用的高活性成分，供给胚的营养，引起胚生长的过程。种子的发芽率是反映种子生命活力的最直接的指标。发芽率不仅受种子大小，饱满度和完整性，遗传性等内在因素的影响，还受种子生长发育成熟期环境、晾晒、贮藏期间温度和湿度的条件与机械加工损伤等外在因素影响[1]。

植酸在种子萌发和发育中有多方面的作用。一定浓度的外源植酸能延缓种子萌发，降低种子萌发率。……