李晓霞 杨盛美 宋维希 马玲 刘本英 汪云刚 唐一春

摘  要：为了加速优质红碎茶品种的选育，促进云南红碎茶总体品质的提升及增强国际市场竞争力，对20份云南优质红碎茶资源与肯尼亚品种6/8的化学成分、红碎茶品质、茶黄素含量进行了分析比较。结果表明，云南优质红碎茶资源的茶多酚含量为26.00%～36.23%，咖啡碱含量为3.70%～5.75%，氨基酸含量为1.71%～4.18%，水浸出物含量为41.73%～49.24%，酚氨比为6.22～21.19，测验表明，云南优质红碎茶资源与肯尼亚品种6/8的生化成分没有显著性差异，红碎茶感官审评得分超过肯尼亚品种6/8的有7份，茶黄素含量超过肯尼亚品种6/8的有9份，云南大叶茶资源具备加工优质红碎茶的物质基础。

关键词：云南优质资源;肯尼亚品种6/8;红碎茶;品质成分

中图分类号：S571.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-060X（2014）02-0025-03

Comparison on Quality Compositions of Broken Black Tea between Elite Germplasm

in Yunnan and Kenyan Cultivar 6/8

LI Xiao-xia， YANG Sheng-mei， SONG Wei-xi， MA Ling，

LIU Ben-ying， WANG Yun-gang， TANG Yi-chun

（Tea Research Institute， Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Menghai 666200， PRC）

Abstract： In order to promote the screen of quality broken black tea variety and the improvement of general quality of broken black tea in Yunnan， and to strengthen the international market competitiveness of it， the chemical compositions， the quality and the theaflavins content of broken black tea were analyzed and compared between 20 samples of elite germplasm in Yunnan and Kenyan cultivar 6/8. The results showed that in the samples of elite germplasm in Yunnan， the contents of tea polyphenols， caffeine， amino acid， water extracts， and ratio of tea polyphenols to amino acid were 26.00%～36.23%， 3.70%～5.75%， 1.71%～4.18%， 41.73%～49.24%， and 6.22～21.19， respectively. t-test results indicated that there were not significant differences in biochemical components between 20 samples of elite germplasm in Yunnan and Kenyan cultivar 6/8， the sensory score of seven samples of elite germplasm in Yunnan exceeded that of Kenyan cultivar 6/8， the theaflavin content of nine samples of elite germplasm in Yunnan exceeded that of Kenyan cultivar 6/8. Therefore， Yunnan large-leaf tea germplasm resources have material basis for processing quality broken black tea.

Key words： elite germplasm in Yunnan; Kenyan cultivar 6/8; broken black tea; quality composition

茶叶是世界上消费量最大的饮料，有160个以上的国家和地区有茶叶消费的习惯。2011年，世界茶叶产量421.7万t，茶叶出口总量171.88万t，红茶约占75%，其中又以红碎茶为主，占红茶贸易量的90%以上。2011年，中国出口红茶3.56万t，仅占世界红茶出口总量的2.6%，出口均价3.06美元/kg，价格低于印度、斯里兰卡、肯尼亚的红碎茶，中国红茶在世界红茶市场竞争中处于劣势[1]。

云南是茶树原产地，独特的地理环境和气候条件孕育了品质优良的茶树品种——云南大叶种，用云南大叶种鲜叶加工的红碎茶外形颗粒紧结，身骨重实，汤色红艳明亮，金圈突出，香气馥郁，滋味浓强鲜爽。滇红碎茶问世以来，颇受消费者欢迎，在全国出口红碎茶质量评比中，一直名列前茅。……