摘   要：将新鲜的薄荷叶用蒸馏水洗净晾干、无菌捣碎、过滤等获得薄荷叶提取液。配置不同浓度的提取液进行抑菌试验，用贴片法测量抑菌圈的直径，比较不同浓度的薄荷叶提取液对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和巨大芽孢杆菌的抑菌作用。试验表明，不同浓度的薄荷叶提取液所产生的抑菌圈大小不同，薄荷叶提取液对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和巨大芽孢杆菌均有一定的抑制作用，在浓度为80%时的抑菌作用最强，浓度大于80% 和低于80% 抑菌作用都有所降低。

关键词：薄荷叶提取液;抑制作用;大肠杆菌;枯草芽孢杆菌;巨大芽孢杆菌

中图分类号：S567.23+5 文献标识码：A                          文章編号：1006-060X（2014）02-0023-02

Inhibition Effects of the Extracts from Peppermint Leaf on Three Kinds of Bacteria

ZHAI Xing-li

（College of Life Science， Shangqiu Normal University， Shangqiu 476000， PRC）

Abstract： The fresh peppermint leaves were washed with distilled water， and were dried， sterilely mashed， and filtered to obtain the exacts of peppermint leaf. Then the diameter of inhibition zone was measured with coating method in order to compare the inhibition effects of different concentrations of peppermint leaf extracts on bacteriostasis on Escherichia col， Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium. The results showed that the different concentrations of the peppermint extracts produced different sizes of inhibition zone， and the extracts of peppermint leaf had inhibition effect on Escherichia coli， Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium; the inhibition effect reached the maximum when concentration of peppermint extracts was 80%， and the inhibition effect was weakened when concentration of peppermint extracts was either higher than 80% or lower than 80%.

Key words： peppermint extract; inhibition effect; Escherichia coli; Bacillus subtilis; Bacillus megaterium

薄荷为唇形科植物薄荷（Methan haplocalyx .Briq.）的地上部分[1]。全株具有浓烈的清凉香味，是一种适应性强、分布广泛的具有特殊芳香气味的植物资源。薄荷为多年生直立草本，对环境的适应性很强，广泛分布于北半球的温带地区，在我国广泛分布于长江以北各省。野生与栽培薄荷可作药用，且以栽培为主，目前栽培品种已超过500个，以江苏产者质量最优。我国栽培的薄荷品种多属东亚及热带亚洲的薄荷种[2-3]。新鲜的薄荷叶提取液化学成分复杂，主要含有挥发油、非挥发性物质、氨基酸、黄酮类、有机酸等物质。其中，薄荷油是薄荷化学组分中研究较深入的一类成分，有良好的抗菌作用。薄荷作为中药其味辛，性凉，归肺、肝经，具有宁心安神，利水清热，利咽，疏肝行气之功效，可用于风热感冒，风温初起，头痛，心悸失眠，目赤肿痛，喉痹，目疮，风疹，麻疹，胸肋胀闷[1]。……