探索性软件测试方法及其在嵌入式系统中的应用
2014-10-14柳溪
摘 要: 探索性软件测试发挥测试人员经验和创造性,强调软件测试各阶段的同时性,并利用测试学习被测系统,已形成应用体系并在工业界成功运用。将探索性测试技术应用于嵌入式系统软件测试,是解决测试时间紧、任务重、软件文档不完备等现实问题的有吸引力的方法。然而,嵌入式系统测试要求严格的软件测试管理流程和文档,并需对测试执行进行有效评价,这些要求在探索性测试中被弱化。调研和综述探索性测试技术,分析探索性测试技术与嵌入式系统软件测试体系的关联和冲突,是将探索性测试在嵌入式软件测试中的恰当运用的关键。以此为基础,对探索性测试在嵌入式系统软件测试中的应用模型提出了建议,并对应用中的问题和后续研究进行了讨论和展望。
关键词: 探索性软件测试; 嵌入式系统软件测试; 基于会话的测试管理; 敏捷测试
中图分类号: TN911?34; TP311.5 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2014)20?0074?06
Exploratory software testing approaches and their application in embedded systems
LIU Xi
(Nanjing Research Institute of Electronics Technology, Nanjing 210039, China)
Abstract: To apply the exploratory testing technology to the software testing of embedded systems is one of the promising ways to solve the problems including tight schedule, heavy tasks and incomplete software documentations. Rigorous testing management process and documentation are usually required for testing embedded systems, which is however weakened in exploratory testing. In order to guide proper application of exploratory testing in embedded system software testing, it is necessary to survey and review exploratory testing technology, analyze the correlation and conflict between exploratory testing technology and software testing system of embedded systems. Based on the survey, some suggestions are given on the application model in software testing of embedded systems. The problems andfollow?up study concerning the application are also discussed.
Keywords: exploratory software testing; embedded system software testing; session?based testing management; agile testing
0 引 言
软件在嵌入式系统中的作用越来越大。软件的质量不仅直接影响任务的成败,也关系着设备甚至人员的安全。随着用户对嵌入式系统软件质量要求的提升,软件测试已成为嵌入式系统交付前必不可少的环节[1]。
经典的测试方法要求依据软件需求和设计文档,遵循既定的测试流程,严格按照预先设计的“脚本”开展。因此经典测试方法也称为脚本测试(Script Testing)。随着嵌入式软件迭代的加速,给软件测试留出时间逐渐减少。嵌入式系统软件测试呈现出一些新特点,包括软件需求变化快、软件文档缺乏、软件测试周期短、测试时间不足等。……
