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FPGA电流型PMSM变频驱动器及开路故障保护

2014-10-14吴起行陈鸿祺刘哲纬

现代电子技术 2014年20期

吴起行+陈鸿祺+刘哲纬

摘 要: 电流源逆变器(CSI)随着反阻断IGBT器件的成功开发,在电动汽车等大功率变频调速领域前景广大。FPGA作为控制器,其时序控制能力强大,适合用来实现基于电流型空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)技术的永磁同步电机(PMSM)变频驱动器。该系统通过采用最小直流链电流命令产生法和合理的死区开关状态设置,有效减小直流和开关损耗。系统为应对开路故障引起直流链电感产生瞬间高压打坏开关器件的现象,设置由双向TVS管和功率电阻构成的电感电压箝位环节,并监测直流链电流值,一旦低于限值则实现保护性停机。实际系统使用Xilinx公司FPGA开发板,基于电流源逆变器转子参考框下交流侧的理论模型,建立了一套数字化闭环调速策略,实测定子电流THD值及功率因数均达到良好效果。

关键词: CSI; FPGA; SVPWM; 死区时间; 双向TVS管

中图分类号: TN911?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2014)20?0157?03

FPGA current PMSM variable frequency drive and open?phase?fault protection

WU Qi?xing1, 2, CHEN Hong?qi1, LIU Zhe?wei2

(1. Institute of Electrical Control Engineering, NCTU, Xinzhu 30010, China;

2. Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical &Electrical Engineering, Hangzhou 310053, China)

Abstract: With the successful development of RB?IGBT device, Current?source?inverter (CSI) has a broad prospect in the field of electric vehicles and other high power variable frequency speed adjusting areas. FPGA as a controller with powerful time?sequence control ling ability is suitable for PMSM variable frequency driver based on current type SVPWM technology. The system can reduce DC and switching loss by generating method of minimum DC link current command and rational dead zone on?off state setup. In the system, Bi?directional TVS and inductor voltage clamp link constructed by power resistor is set up to counter the phenomenon of switch device damage caused by transient high voltage produced by DC link inductance generated by open?circuit fault and to monitor the DC link current value. That is, if the DC link current is below the limit, the system protectively shuts off. The actual system is realized by using Xilinx FPGA board to build a close?loop control, which is based on the equivalent model of CSIs AC side under rotor reference frame. The measured stator current THD value and power factor reached a good result.

Keywords: CSI; FPGA; SVPWM; dead?time; bi?directional TVS

0 引 言

永磁同步电机因其体积小、重量轻、能效高的优势在逐渐成熟的电动及混合动力汽车领域得到广泛应用。目前,许多研究使用多电平逆变器代替传统电压源逆变器来对永磁同步电机进行变频调速。但是,多电平逆变器在实际应用中,成倍增加了开关器件的个数,造成开关损耗和生产成本的大幅增加。

电流源逆变器相对多电平逆变器而言结构比较简单,并且由于电流源逆变器对直流链电流的直接控制,其输出交流电流的品质较电压源逆变器更佳。近年来,一种新型开关器件——反阻断IGBT[1?2]已在国外成功研发,为电流源逆变器的应用清除了障碍。……

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