刘爱梅　朱礼金

摘要：第29届蹦床世锦赛中外优秀女子运动员的竞技水平进行了分析，研究表明：世界优秀女子蹦床选手的技术具有明显的时代特征，高水平女子选手的成套动作难度发展达到了瓶颈，动作的选用和成套编排趋同化明显，竞技能力提高过程中难度与完成质量的矛盾关系更加明显，辩证的处理二者协调发展，继续提高成套动作腾空高度是技术训练的关键；蹦床比赛战术是为了表现出运动员自身的真实竞技水平而采取策略，主要有心理战术和保险战术两种应用；提高成套动作储备以及套难度，加强心理素质训练，培养骨干力量，促进梯队建设是我国女子蹦床队备战里约奥运会亟待解决问题。

关键词：蹦床；新规则；优秀女子运动员；技战术特征

中图分类号：G838文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-2076（2014）04-0093-05

Abstract：With the development of trampoline technology， the evolution of the rules， the technology and tactics of world elite women trampoline athletes showed new characteristics in the new Olympic cycle. In view of the athletic performance of Chinese female trampoline athletes in recent games， this paper gives a whole analysis of competitive level of Chinese and foreign elite female trampoline athletes in the 29th trampoline Championship. The results show that difficulty development of action sets of worlds elite women trampoline athletes has reached the bottleneck. Selection and arrangement of the action sets has clear convergence. Contradiction between difficulty and quality of movement is more obvious to improve the competitive ability. Both the quality and the difficulty of coordinating development and raising the height of the action vacated are the key technology training. Trampoline tactics are a strategy in order to show true competitive level of trampoline athletes. There are two kinds of psychological tactics and insurance tactics in practice. It is suggested that we should increase difficulty reserve of sets of action， strengthen the psychological training， train backbone to promote echelon construction in preparation for Rio Olympics.

Key words： trampoline； new rules； elite women trampoline athletes； technical and tactical characteristics； China； countermeasures

第29届蹦床世锦赛是里约奥运周期的第一个世界顶级蹦床大赛，也是世界各国运动员队伍调整，适应新规则的一场重要比赛，中国蹦床队派出由奥运冠军董栋和何雯娜领衔的新阵容参赛，成绩喜忧参半，男子蹦床队依然保持了世界强者风范，一举获得团体和个人两枚金牌。而女子蹦床队仍然没有摆脱失误的困扰，在团体决赛中，由于李丹和钟杏平相继出现重大失误，中国队不但没能完成五连冠的目标，而且最终仅以113.520的得分排名垫底。半决赛中何雯娜因位移过大而名列第五，位李丹和钟杏平之后无缘决赛。女子蹦床队是……