吴庆彩??王亚彩??甘韵娜

[摘要]目的 分析对鼻咽癌调强放疗患者实施护理干预对于其降低皮肤反应的影响及临床价值。 方法 选取2012年4月～2013年12月收治入院行调强放疗治疗的鼻咽癌患者200例，按照入院先后随机分为观察组与对照组，对照组患者实施常规护理，观察组患者实施综合性护理干预，对比观察两组患者临床效果及对皮肤反应的影响。 结果 两组患者放疗后均出现不同程度的皮肤反应，但观察组患者皮肤反应严重程度明显低于对照组，因皮肤反应而中断放疗比例明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 对进行调强放疗的鼻咽癌患者实施护理干预，能够有效减轻皮肤反应，避免因皮肤反应而干扰放疗方案的顺利开展，减少患者痛苦，保障治疗效果。

[关键词]鼻咽癌；调强放疗；护理干预；皮肤反应

[中图分类号] R473.73 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616（2014）14-130-03

Study on the effect of nursing intervention on alleviating skin reactions after intensity modulated radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

WU Qingcai WANG Yacai GAN Yunna

No.1 Department of Radiology， Cancer Centre of Guangzhou Medical University， Guangzhou 510095， China

[Abstract] Objective To study and analyze the effect and clinical value of nursing intervention on alleviating skin reactions for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving intensity modulated radiation therapy. Methods 200 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who were admitted to our hospital and received intensity modulated radiation therapy were selected. They were randomly allocated to an observation group and a control group according to admission order. The control group received regular nursing care， while the observation group received comprehensive nursing intervention. Clinical effects and the effects on skin reactions were observed and compared between the two groups. Results Different degrees of skin reactions occurred in both the two groups after radiotherapy， but the severity in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group， and the proportion of patients suspending the radiotherapy due to skin reactions was significantly lower than that in the control group. The differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Nursing intervention for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving intensity modulated radiation therapy helps effectively alleviate skin reactions， avoid interruption of the normal process of radiotherapy due to skin reactions， reduce patients' pain and ensure the curative effect.

[Key words] Nasopharyngeal carcinoma； Intensity modulated radiation therapy； Nursing intervention； Skin reactions

鼻咽癌是较常见的临床颌面部恶性肿瘤之一，随着我国吸烟人数的增多与空气环境污染程度的升高，该病临床发病率呈逐渐增高的趋势[1]。该肿瘤对放射线高度敏感，因此临床上主要以放射治疗为主。但由于病灶靶区距体表较浅，皮肤受到照射的剂量较高，在放疗过程中不可避免的会对正常皮肤组织造成损伤。轻度的皮肤损伤会给患者带来不适，而重度的损伤会严重影响到患者的生活，甚至被迫中断治疗方案而影响临床疗效[2]。因此本研究尝试通过对鼻咽癌调强放疗患者实施综合护理干预，观察能否减轻皮肤反应，以作临床参考，现将观察结果报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2012年4月～2013年12月收治入院行调强放疗治疗的鼻咽癌患者200例，按照入院先后随机分为观察组与对照组。……