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胸腹联合外伤性膈疝的麻醉处理

2014-08-11叶红赵立明杨宝会

叶红++赵立明++杨宝会

【摘要】胸腹联合伤是指同一致伤因素同时造成胸、腹腔脏器的连续性损伤,如不及时治疗,可带来严重后遗症[1]。应积极作好手术前准备。

【关键词】胸腹联合伤;膈疝;麻醉处理

[Abstract]diaphragmatic hernia symptoms have different weight,mainly depends on the herniation into the chest of abdominal viscera capacity,degree of organ dysfunction and increased intrathoracic pressure degree of respiratory dysfunction.In the processing of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia anesthetic,preoperative full understanding of the disease and serious assessment is critical,and heartbeat suddenly stopped,in should be in the position of the tilt at the same time,quickly open chest,will the abdominal hernia contents HaiNa rapidly,and direct cardiac compression,usually can quickly restore the heart.Multiple objective monitoring is the prerequisite of found the abnormal situation,once found abnormal processing quickly and efficiently to be correct.

[Key words]joint chest injury;Diaphragmatic hernia;Anesthesia processing

膈肌破裂,临床上常称为创伤性膈疝,多指在外在因素条件下导致膈肌撕裂,腹腔内容物如胃、小肠、结肠、脾脏、网膜等从膈肌破裂孔进入胸腔,压迫患者心、肺,导致患者呼吸功能、循环功能障碍等一系列临床综合征,目前随着交通事故、高处坠伤、打架斗殴等外因性事件频发,此类病例量呈上升趋势。为了探讨胸腹联合外伤性膈疝合理的麻醉处理方法,现就我院34例外伤性膈疝修补术的麻醉处理总结和分析如下。

资料与方法

结果

本组病例44例麻醉手术经过顺利,3例左侧膈疝患者,合并多发性粉碎性肋骨骨折,诱导插管后改侧卧位,在消毒铺巾时,心跳突然减慢至30bpm,继而很快停止,立即将手术台背侧倾斜15°,迅速打开胸腔,发现疝内容物有脾脏、胃和横结肠,挤满了左侧胸腔,纵隔移位,心脏被挤压,马上将疝内容物还纳腹腔,直接按压心脏,心跳很快恢复,行心脏复苏后的进一步处理,手术继续进行,术毕患者自主呼吸恢复,意识恢复,循环稳定,康复顺利。

讨论

膈疝是胸部创伤外科中常见疾患。下胸部和上腹部的穿透性损伤,如子弹和刀刺伤均可致膈肌破裂,并可同时损伤膈肌邻近器官;非穿透性的严重胸部钝挫伤,如从高处跌下;频发的交通事故也常致膈肌破裂。……

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