黄丽宏  徐艳华  崔艳波  刘洪艳  张桂英

[摘要] 目的 建立适用于精神分裂症与糖尿病居家护理的模式，减少精神分裂症复发，保持患者血糖控制在理想稳定水平，并评估护理模式的可行性。 方法 将124例精神分裂症与糖尿病共病患者分为研究组（n=62）和对照组（n=62），两组分别接受居家护理干预和一般回访，采用自行设计的调查量表分别进行问卷调查，并记录对比。 结果 研究组对精神分裂症与糖尿病的认识，患者所患疾病的临床特点，临床治疗用药配合，康复期社会功能恢复，家庭康复等管理能力，两组比较有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 结论 居家护理干预符合精神分裂症与糖尿病共病患者获得专科知识的需要，对精神疾病康复指导效果明显。

[关键词] 精神分裂症与糖尿病共病；居家护理；照料者

[中图分类号] R473.74   [文献标识码] B   [文章编号] 2095-0616（2014）08-106-03

Study of family nursing model for comorbid schizophrenia and diabetes

HUANG Lihong  XU Yanhua  CUI Yanbo  LIU Hongyan  ZHANG Guiying

Jilin Brain Hospital, Siping 136000, China

[Abstract] Objective To establish a suitable family nursing model for comorbid schizophrenia and diabetes， reduce schizophrenic relapse, maintain an ideal and stable blood glucose level and evaluate the feasibility of nursing model. Methods 124 patients with comorbid schizophrenia and diabetes were divided into the study group (n=62) and the control group (n=62). Both groups received family nursing intervention and ordinary return visits. The self-designed scale was used for questionnaire survey and the results were recorded and compared. Results The two groups were statistically significant in the understanding of schizophrenia and diabetes, patients' clinical features, medication compliance of clinical treatment, social function recovery in rehabilitation stage and family rehabilitation, with statistical significance (P＜0.05). Conclusion Family nursing intervention meets the need for professional knowledge of the patients with comorbid schizophrenia and diabetes and has obvious guidance effect on mental illness.

[Key words] Comorbid schizophrenia and diabetes; Family nursing; Caregiver

精神分裂症是精神障碍最常见的精神疾病，我国部分地区发病率为0.09%，而糖尿病也是常高于正常人群[1]。上海精神卫生中心调查结果为15.1%，均明显高于当地普通正常人群[2]。Rubio G等[3]利用美国国内数据库进行大规模调查发现接受过抗精神病药物治疗的精神分裂症患者，其糖尿病终身患病率为15%，国内外一系列研究精神分裂症与糖尿病共病得到共识，其原因可能与代谢、药物、生活方式等共病的危险因素有关。精神分裂症病程多迁延并呈进行性发展，糖尿病也是终身疾病，部分患者病情缓慢进展，出现精神衰退及糖尿病并发症[4]。我院自2010～2012年出院的124例精神分裂症与糖尿病共病患者采取居家护理干预，效果满意，现报道如下。……