论社会联动视角下的滩头年画保护
2014-08-07俞红艳肖原杨荣
俞红艳 肖原 杨荣
The Protection of Tantou New Year Pictures from the Perspective of Social Interaction
【摘要】中华民族上千年的文化积淀造就了丰富多彩的文化遗产,近年来也颇为重视非物质文化遗产的保护工作。滩头年画是一种富有历史、文化、艺术价值的非物质文化遗产,受到经济发展的冲击和周边环境改变的影响,单一的民间自发保护中出现了传承人缺失、手工技艺失传等危机,目前迫切需要外界力量参与滩头年画的保护。本文以社会联动为视角,从滩头年画在保护和传承过程中存在的问题入手,阐述了以政府为主导建立标准化年画作坊、民间大众参与的形式进行保护的方法,并为推进保护工作提供了有益的建议。
【关键词】社会联动;滩头年画;非物质文化遗产
Abstract: Cultural accumulation of the Chinese nation for thousands of years has created a rich and colorful heritage. The protection work of intangible cultural heritage is also taken seriously recently. Tantou New Year Pictures is a type of intangible cultural heritage with cultural, historical, artistic value. Affected by economic growth and environmental change, single free protection among the people has appeared crisis such as shortage of inheritors, loss of traditional crafts. External forces are currently highly needed for the protection of Tantou New Years Pictures. This paper from the perspective of social interaction, centering on problems arising in the protection and inheritance, explains a mode of protection, which guided by government and public widely participated through establishing standardized paintings workshops, trying to provide meaningful recommendations to push the protection.
Key words: social interaction; Tantou New Year Pictures; intangible cultural heritage
在經济快速发展的时代,为了促进文化的多样性和增强民族认同感,人们更多地把目光聚焦在民族文化上。非物质文化遗产作为一种重要的文化内容承载着文化传统、习俗和道德,为世界各国所重视。由于非物质文化遗产是无形的、活态的,相应的保护工作十分艰难,而且越来越多的非物质文化遗产趋于消逝,加强保护已然迫在眉睫。国家级非物质文化遗产滩头年画,是中国年画艺术中的一朵奇葩,一方面独特的湘中民俗民风和人文地理环境孕育了滩头年画丰富内涵和特殊面貌,极具历史文化美学价值,另一方面和其他民间艺术一样,纯手工制作的滩头年画同样面临着消逝的危险。作为中国民间文化遗产首批抢救保护对象之一,滩头年画的前景是相当堪忧的,如今滩头镇仅存两间年画作坊,当地年轻人亦不愿从事年画的传承工作,面临着重大的保护与传承的发展瓶颈。……