外派人员跨文化胜任力研究综述
2014-07-29何滢
何滢
【摘要】 本文运用文献研究与归纳法,对目前跨文化胜任力研究进行了总结。跨文化胜任力的定义可以归纳为两种:素质能力视角和前件因素视角。外派人员在跨文化的背景下会受到环境因素的影响。其中不同层面的文化因素对个体的影响机制和影响程度存在差异。Johnson等人在对跨文化胜任力研究框架进行整合时,列出了影响跨国企业经营的外部环境因素和内部管理因素等调节变量。在跨文化胜任力的研究框架中,跨文化胜任力模型的构建对于前件因素效果的检验、内涵的完善、产出的衡量有重要的作用。现有研究中有关外派人员跨文化胜任力模型的构建主要分为心理测量和非心理测量这两类模型构建方法。
【关键词】 胜任力 外派人员跨文化胜任力 外派人员跨文化胜任力模型
Expatriates Intercultural Competency Research Review
Ying HE
Economics and Management School Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Abstract: This paper uses literature research and induction method to review the current cross-cultural competency study. Cross-cultural competency definition can be summarized into two ways: the quality and ability view and antecedent factors view. Expatriates will be influenced by environmental factors and there are differences among different levels of cultural factors on the impact of individual in mechanisms and impacting degree. Johnson et al listed of the external environmental factors and internal management factors as the manipulated variables that influence multinational corporations operating when they integrated cross-cultural competency framework. In cross-cultural competency research framework, cross-cultural competency model construction has a big impact on the effect testing of antecedent factors; improvement of meaning and measure of output. There are two types measuring methods of cross-cultural competency model construction existing in the current research, one is psychological measurement and another is non- psychological measurement.
Keywords: Competency; Expatriates cross-cultural competency; Cross-cultural competency modle
在经济全球化的背景下,越来越多的企业走出国门,从事国际化的经营,在此过程中,外派人员对于企业海外经营的成功起着至关重要的作用。但在现实中,由于跨文化经营和管理与基于国内的单一文化背景下的经营和管理的环境有相当程度的差异,一些本来在母国工作业绩十分出色的管理人员,被派驻国外以后,往往表现不尽如人意,不能达到预期工作目标,最终影响到企业海外经营的绩效。可见,在企业国际化进程中,文化因素已经成为决定其海外经营成败的关键因素;而对于外派人员来讲,除了专业知识和技能之外,跨文化胜任力则成为影响其个人绩效的重要因素。……
