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车联网智能立体车库设计与实现

2014-07-24吴迎年杨国钧

现代电子技术 2014年14期

吴迎年+杨国钧

摘 要: 目前停车难的问题在一定程度上加剧了城市道路的拥堵。然而城区内的土地资源十分有限,老旧建筑又难以配套地下车库,为解决上述问题,提出了车联网智能立体车库。将物联网引入到车库的管理中,让车辆车库都成为车联网中的一个节点,实现通过车联网完成身份认证、车辆调度、车库管理等功能。这里的特色是车库全自动化完成车辆的立体停放和出库,汽车驾驶者仅需将车辆开到车库门口,使车库更加智能,易于管理和使用,节省人工停车时间。

关键词: 车联网; 立体车库; 智能交通; 射频识别

中图分类号: TN711?34; TP242.6 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2014)14?0051?03

Design and implementation of IOV intelligent stereo parking garage

WU Ying?nian1, YANG Guo?jun2

(1. Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China; 2. Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, USA )

Abstract: The parking issue makes the road more crowed and jammed. However, there is no sufficient parking lot to meet the demand, and its hard for old buildings to develop extra underground spaces for parking. To solve the above problem, IOV (Internet of vehicle) intelligent parking garage is presented. The intelligence stereo parking garage was designed and realized with the help of Internet of Things. Both of the car and parking garage become nodes in IOV, with which the functions of identity authentication, vehicle scheduling and garage management are realized. The contribution of this paper is to realize the automation of stereo parking and rapid leaving of vehicles in the garage. The only thing drivers should do is to drive the car to the gate of the garage. The garage is intelligent, easy to manage, and can save the drivers parking time.

Keywords: internet of vehicle; stereo parking garage; intelligence transportation; RFID

0 引 言

在全世界范围内,很多人口众多的城市都面临停车难的问题,以北京为例,2012年上半年,北京机动车保有量达到510万辆,而车位仅有250万个[1],由此带来的乱停车和交通拥堵问题十分严重。因此如何有效利用城市中有限的空间,为更多的机动车提供停车的空间,成为很多城市规划者和工程师共同思考的问题[2?3]。立体车库的出现在很大程度上缓解了这个问题。立体车库可以分为自走型立体车库和自动立体车库,自走立体车库就是驾驶员驾驶车辆自己将车辆放入车位,现在常见的停车楼、多层地下停车场都属于自走立体车库。而自动立体车库则不需要驾驶员将车辆驾驶入位,只需要将车辆停放在车库入口处的托盘上,将车辆移入车位的工作由车库自动完成。目前通过自走型机械式立体车库可以实现车辆的高密度停放,但是现在的立体车库还是不够智能,用户需要将车辆停在立体车库的入口进行相关的操作,然后才能离开。……

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