顾芳+付洋+张仙玲+曹骏+杨娟+陈子煊+管靓+张加宏

摘 要： 为了对空调散热片上的粉尘进行准确检测，设计并实现了一种超低功耗高精度粉尘自动监测仪。该系统由ARM处理器、阵列式光电传感器模块、微弱信号调理电路、模/数转换电路、触摸屏液晶显示及输入模块、声光报警系统、继电器开关控制电路、时钟模块以及串口通信模块构成。以STM32微处理器为主控，通过脉冲驱动阵列式光电传感器对空调散热片粉尘进行差分检测，并利用交流激励低噪声AD7195模数转换器将经过放大滤波处理后的电压信号转换成数字量。微处理器接受数字量后进行分析与处理，可实现分级别通过液晶显示和声光报警及时提醒用户清洗空调散热片，并且带有强制断电功能。经实际应用，该智能化空调散热片粉尘自动监测仪能有效精确实现实时显示、光电报警、上位机通信等功能，对各类空调内部散热片都能很好的监测，具有很强的实用价值。

关键词： STM32微处理器； HOA1405?002； AD7195； 粉尘检测； 空调散热片

中图分类号： TN710?34； TH216 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1004?373X（2014）14?0093?05

Design of STM32?based automatic monitor for dust on air conditioning heat sink

GU Fang1， FU Yang2， ZHANG Xian?ling1， CAO Jun3， YANG Juan4， CHEN Zi?xuan3， GUAN Liang3， ZHANG Jia?hong2

（1. School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering， Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology，Nanjing 210044， China；

2. School of Electronic & Information Engineering， Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology. Nanjing 210044， China；

3. School of Atmospheric Sciences， Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology， Nanjing 210044， China；

4. School of Information Technology， Jinling Institute of Technology， Nanjing 211169， China）

Abstract： An ultra?low?power high?precision automatic dust monitor was designed and implemented to accurately detect dust on the air conditioning heat sink. The system is composed of ARM processor， photoelectric sensor array module， weak signal processing circuit， analog?digital conversion circuits， LCD touch screen display and input module， sound and light alarm system， relay switch control circuit， clock module and serial communication module. Taking STM32 microprocessor as a master controller， the differential detection for dust on the air conditioning heat sink is executed by the pulse?driving photoelectric sensor array. The low?noise AD7195 ADC excited by AD is used to convert the amplified and filtered voltage signals into digital signals. The microprocessor is employed to analyze and process the received digital signals， which can generate the monitoring results displayed by LCD and the sound?light alarm， forcibly close air conditioning， and remind the user promptly that they have to clean the air conditioning heat sink. The practical application shows that the intelligent automatic dust monitor for air conditioning heat sink can effectively and precisely achieve real?time display， optoelectronic alarm， PC communications and other functions. It can be used to monitor various types of air conditioning heat sink， and has a strong practical value.

Keywords： STM32 MCU； HOA1405?002； AD7195； dust monitoring； air conditioning heat sink

作为空调冷热交换的核心部件——散热片不仅会积聚污垢灰尘，由于温度、湿度适宜，散热片还会在冷凝水作用下滋生大量细菌、霉菌、螨虫等[1]。当空调开启时，这些灰尘和病菌就被空调吹出，随呼吸道进入人体，导致人体出现头晕乏力、过敏性鼻炎、甚至诱发哮喘。相关研究表明[2]，80%以上的空调散热片的细菌和霉菌总数超标，因此空调散热片污染已成为危害家庭健康的主要因素。……