APP下载

基于钻石模型的皖北农业集群式发展研究

2014-06-18韩玮

商业经济 2014年4期

韩玮

[摘 要] 农业是皖北地区的支柱性产业,目前仍处于农业发展的初级阶段。皖北地区农业生产和管理分散,经济效益没有达到最大化。借鉴Porter的“钻石模型”,对皖北农业集聚的生产要素条件,需求条件,相关及支持产业,企业的战略、结构及竞争对手,机会及政府行为等进行分析,皖北地区要形成具有特色的农业集聚区,应建设农业工业园区,高效利用生产要素;大力发展上下游企业,树立区域品牌;优化农业组织结构,培育龙头企业;加速城镇化发展,刺激国内外需求;完善政府支持体系,创造农业发展机遇。

[关键词] 皖北农业;集群式发展;钻石模型

[中图分类号] F304.7 [文献标识码] A

Abstract: Though agriculture is the pillar industry in the north of Anhui province, it is still at the primary development stage. The maximum economic benefit has not been achieved as the agricultural production and management are decentralized. Porter's Diamond Model is used to analyze the factor conditions; demand conditions; related and supporting industries; firm strategy, structure and rivalry; chance; and the government in the region. In order to form a distinctive agriculture industry cluster, the government should build agro-industrial parks to use the factor conditions efficiently, develop upstream and downstream enterprises to establish the regional brand, optimize the agricultural structure to cultivate leading enterprises, accelerate the urbanization process to stimulate the domestic demand, and improve the government supporting system to create development opportunities for agriculture.

Key words: agriculture in the north of Anhui province, clustered development, the Diamond Model

产业集聚(Cluster of Industry)是一个国家或者地区发展的有效模式,以获得(Porter,1998)的竞争优势(Competitive advantage)。因此,为了实现农业的发展和农民的增收,重点是要形成集群农业(Agriculture industry cluster)。安徽省是全国的农业大省,尤其是在北方地区,农业已经成为他们的基础产业和支柱产业。虽然近几年来皖北地区农业依靠农业集群的发展方式取得了较快的发展。但是皖北地区农业集群仍处于初级阶段,集群的整体竞争优势和创新能力并没有显现出来。因此,我们需要在皖北农业集群形成过程中,探讨其内在特性,使其能在农业集聚中获得最大的经济利益(Economic effectiveness)。

本文根据Porter的“钻石模型”(Diamond model)[1]中的四大要素:生产要素(factor or input conditions),需求因素(demand conditions),相关产业和支持产业的表现(related and supporting industries),企业的战略、结构和竞争对手(firm strategy, strategy and rivalry)及两大辅助要素:机会和政府来分析皖北地区农业集聚式发展,构建皖北地区的“钻石模型”,并以此来探讨如何推动皖北地区农业的发展,以获得竞争优势。……

登录APP查看全文