胃镜上消化道肿瘤漏诊研究进展
2014-05-19孙廷基高燕张厚德
孙廷基 高燕 张厚德
[摘要] 上消化道肿瘤严重威胁人类生命健康,发病率高,致死率高,提高上消化道肿瘤早期诊断率对改善预后至关重要,消化内镜对上消化道肿瘤早期诊断具有重要作用,然而内镜对上消化道肿瘤的漏诊情况时有发生,但关于漏诊的报道却为数不多,且相差甚远。本文拟对不同国家及地区对于胃镜上消化道肿瘤漏诊情况的研究进行综合论述,总结各个研究中对漏诊产生影响的因素,从而指导临床工作,提高消化内镜诊断肿瘤的灵敏度,改善患者预后。
[关键词] 消化内镜;上消化道肿瘤;漏诊率;灵敏度
[中图分类号] R735 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701(2014)11-0152-03
[Abstract] Upper gastrointestinal tumor is a severe threat to human life and health because of its high incidence rate and fatality rate. Improving early diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal tumor is the key to improving prognosis; Digestive endoscopy plays an important role in the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumor. However, missed endoscopic diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal tumor happens occasionally, but there are few reports on missed diagnosis and the results are quite different. This paper aims to review and discuss the missed endoscopic diagnosis situation of upper gastrointestinal tumor in different countries and areas and summarize the influencing factors of missed diagnosis in each study in order to guide clinical work, promote the sensitivity of digestive endoscopic diagnosis of tumor and improve patient outcomes.
[Key words] Digestive endoscopy; Upper gastrointestinal tumor; Misdiagnosis rate; Sensitivity
上消化道肿瘤是严重威胁人类生命健康的疾病之一;在我国,上消化道肿瘤是导致死亡的主要原因之一,我国上消化道肿瘤具有发病率高、致死率高的特点。由于缺乏消化道肿瘤的普查机制,患者通常有不适症状之后才会去医院接受胃镜检查,所以发现肿瘤时通常已是进展期,从而错过了最佳治疗时间,预后较差[1]。
因为其较高的灵敏性和特异性,胃镜已经成为诊断上消化道肿瘤的标准程序[2,3],相对于其他方法,胃镜具有无可替代的优势,它可以肉眼直视病灶,对于可疑病变,可直接钳取黏膜行病理活检。Dekker和Tytgat曾对纤维胃镜黏膜活检确诊为恶性肿瘤的准确率进行研究,得出了99.8%准确率的结论[4]。Llanos等研究得出来纤维胃镜本身对于病变诊断的准确率为86.5% ,而活检的准确率也是达到了94.9%,其总体的准确率为98.8%[5]。……
