20世纪80年代诗化小说叙事空间的演变
2014-04-29廖高会吴德利
廖高会 吴德利
[摘要]诗化小说在20世纪80年代再度繁荣,随着社会思潮和美学风格演变,20世纪80年代诗化小说在诗意内涵和叙事模式上都发生了变化,这突出表现在叙事空间由前期的完整统一裂变为后期的多维杂存。叙事空间的裂变适应了当时社会文化心理,与传统农业社会进入工业社会,或后工业社会的演变逻辑相适应,是受到形式主义美学思潮影响的结果。诗化空间的裂变蕴含着丰富的意识形态内涵,它既是一种抵制僵化的现实秩序的方法,也是诗化小说应对现实和摆脱边缘化文体地位的叙事策略。
[关键词]诗化小说;叙事空间;20世纪80年代
[中图分类号]I2074[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1000-3541(2014)02-0054-06Fission of the Poetic Space: on80s Poetic Narrative Space Evolution
LIAO Gao-hui1,WU De-li2
(1North University of China ,Humanities and Social Sciences Institute, Taiyuan 030051,China;
2South JiaoTong University, College of Art and Communication, Chengdou 610031,China)
Abstract:Poetic novels in the 1980s prospered again, along with the social and aesthetic evolution of style,80s poetic novel in poetic connotation and narrative mode is changed, the narrative space from the early complete reunification of fission for the latter part of the multidimensional complex deposit. The narrative space of fission is adapted to the prevailing social and cultural psychology, and adapted to the logic of traditional agricultural society into the industrial society or after the evolution of the industrial society. It is an influence results by the formalism aesthetics. The poetic space fission contains rich ideological connotation, it is not only a boycott of the rigid reality order method, also is the poetic novels deal with reality and get rid of the marginalized style status of the narrative strategy.
Key words:poetic novel; narrative space; 1980 time
[收稿日期]2014-01-20
[基金项目]本文为2011年度国家社科基金青年项目“中国现代短篇小说的形成”(11CZW060)阶段性成果;中北大学2013年度科学基金项目“现代汉语小说与语言诗化问题研究”阶段性成果。
中国现代诗化小说是在继承我国小说诗化传统和借鉴西方现代小说诗化艺术的基础上逐渐产生和发展起来的。笔者认为,诗化小说是“诗歌向小说渗透融合而形成的新的小说文体,其采取诗性思维方式进行构思,运用意象抒情和意象叙事等手法,淡化情节和人物性格,以营造整体的诗意境界、特定情调或表达象征性哲思为目的,通过诗性精神使主客观世界得以契合与升华”[1](p6)。在整个中国20世纪文学中,有一条清晰的诗化小说发展脉络,其代表作家有鲁迅、废名、沈从文、萧红、师陀、萧乾、冯至、孙犁、茹志鹃、汪曾祺、贾平凹、何立伟、史铁生、张承志、张炜、苏童、孙甘露、迟子建、阿成、红柯等。……
