豆峻岭等

摘 要： 以二倍体西瓜‘蜜枚为试材，对果实生长发育期几种内源激素的含量进行了分析测定。结果表明，西瓜果实中激素含量与其生长发育密切相关。西瓜果实在授粉后25～30 d时就已经基本达到成熟果实的大小。果实发育前期IAA与GA含量较高，之后均快速下降。IAA在后期出现一个峰值，而GA在发育后期含量一直维持在较低的水平；ABA含量在西瓜生长发育过程中出现了2个峰值，分别出现在授粉后15 d和25 d；而ZR含量在西瓜整个生长发育期一直维持着较低水平，且变化不大，在授粉后25 d出现一个较小的峰值。这些结果说明不同植物激素相互协调地调控着西瓜果实的生长发育。

关键词： 西瓜； 生长发育； 激素

Abstract： Diploid watermelon ‘Mimei was used to to analyze the changes of hormones during fruit developing period in this research. The results showed that there was an affinitive relation between hormones content of the fruit and the fruit growth. The fruit reached its full size 25 d and 30 d after pollination. The contents of IAA and GA were high in the early development and declined fast in later development stage. The content of IAA had a peak value at 30 d after pollination，while the content of GA was maintained in lower level in the late period of development. There were two peak ABA values at the 15 and 25 d after pollination. The content of ZR was maintained a low level in the whole developing only had a smaller peak value at 25 d after pollination. These results demonstrated that the watermelon fruit growth and development was regulated by hormone combination.

Key words： Watermelon； Growth and development； Hormone

植物激素指植物细胞接受特定环境信号诱导产生的、低浓度时可调节植物生理反应的活性物质。它们在细胞分裂与伸长、组织与器官分化、开花与结实、成熟与衰老、休眠与萌发以及离体组织培养等方面分别或相互协调的调控植物的生长、发育与分化[1]。植物中典型的5类激素包括生长素（auxin）、赤霉素（gibberellin）、细胞分裂素（cytokinin）、脱落酸（abscisic acid ）和乙烯（ethylene）。

近年来，在多种植物果实发育过程中内源激素含量变化的研究都取得了较大的进展。樊卫国等[2]、阎国华等[3]和陈发河等[4]分别在刺梨、苹果和葡萄等果树上研究了内源激素对坐果及果实发育的生理作用，为提高坐果率和诱导果实发育提供了依据。在不同梨品种上的研究表明了植物激素与果实生长发育调控的复杂性[5]。……