付步礼等

摘 要：概述了国内外关于蓟马类害虫的抗药性相关研究进展。主要对当前国内外相关地区的蓟马类害虫的抗药性现状进行了总结，归纳和分析了该类害虫的抗药性机制，主要包括代谢抗性、靶标敏感性和表皮穿透率下降等。另外，总结了该类害虫的生物检测、生化检测和分子检测等抗药性监测的相关方法。最后，对该类害虫的抗药性治理进行了总结，包括化学策略、生物策略和农业策略。旨在为更全面深入地认识该类害虫的抗药性和生产防治提供参考和理论依据。

关键词：蓟马；抗药性；抗性机制；抗性监测；抗性治理

中图分类号：S436.67 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2013-0713

Advance in Insecticide Resistance of Thripidae in Thysanoptera

Fu Buli1， Zeng Dongqiang1， Liu Kui2， Xie Yixian2， Qiu Haiyan2， Tang Liangde2

（1Institute of Pesticide and Environment Toxicology， Guangxi University， Nanning 530005， Guangxi， China；

2Environment and Plant Protection Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science， Haikou 571101， Hainan， China）

Abstract： This review introduced the progress in insecticide resistance of thrips from abroad and home researches. Insecticide resistance status of thrips investigated in different regions throughout the world were summarized， insecticide resistance mechanisms mainly including metabolic resistance， reduced rate of entry of toxicants， alterations and reduced susceptibility of target sites were also concluded as well. Furthermore， present study also overviewed relevant methods of insecticide resistance monitoring， such as toxicity bioassay， physiological and bio-chemical detection， molecular detection. Lastly， strategies of chemical， biological and agricultural were provided for insecticide resistance management. Overall， this review aimed at offering basic knowledge of insecticide resistance， better pest management and insecticide resistance management.

Key words： Thrips； Insecticide Resistance； Resistance Mechanisms； Resistance Monitoring； Resistance Management

0 引言

蓟马是缨翅目（Thysanoptera）蓟马科（Thripida）昆虫的统称。目前，全世界已记述的蓟马种类约7400余种，分2亚目8科，中国记录的蓟马约400余种[1-2]。蓟马是全球性重要杂食性昆虫，以植食性为主，寄主植物极其广泛，主要为害多种粮食、果蔬花卉和园艺等植物。据报道国内蔬菜上发生的蓟马约20余种，为害花卉的蓟马有18种，为害果蔬的蓟马达40种[3-5]。该类害虫以锉吸式口器取食或产卵于植物幼嫩表皮组织造成直接为害[6]，导致植物器官损伤，影响光合作用，从而影响产品的外观品质和产量，降低经济价值；有的蓟马还能传播多种植物病毒造成间接为害，如西花蓟马（Frankliniella occidentalis）、花蓟马（F. intomsa）、烟蓟马（Thrips tabaci）和棕榈蓟马（T. palmi）能传播Tospovirus属的番茄斑萎病毒（TSWV）和凤仙花坏死斑病毒（INSV），使植物病毒病在作物间大量流行。蓟马对寄主植物的直接危害小于其所传播病毒所造成的间接危害[7-8]。……