照料老年父母对城镇已婚中青年女性就业的影响
2014-03-31马焱李龙
马焱+李龙
摘要:本文使用第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据和Logistic回归模型,探讨了城镇已婚中青年女性照料老年父母对其就业状况的影响,并借助倾向值加权的方法对回归模型进行了稳健性检验。结果表明,在城镇已婚中青年女性群体中,老年照料提供者更难以进入劳动力市场,与非照料者相比,照料者的就业概率会降低29.6%。而男性是否从事有收入工作则不会受到是否照料老年父母的显著影响。本文认为,老年照料既是家庭成员的义务,也是政府和社会的责任;女性参与社会劳动既是个人的权利,也是促进经济发展和社会文明进步的要求。统筹协调两者关系,既应把女性视为“责任主体”,也应将她们视为“权利主体”。
关键词:人口老龄化;老年照料;中青年女性就业
中图分类号:F241.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-4149(2014)02-0039-09
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4149.2014.02.005
收稿日期:2013-10-26;修订日期:2014-01-10
基金项目:2011年度国家社会科学基金青年项目“老年家庭照料对城市中青年女性职业发展的影响”(11CRK009);国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时期中国妇女社会地位调查研究”(10@ZH020)。
作者简介:马焱,法学博士,全国妇联妇女研究所副研究员;李龙,中国人民大学社会与人口学院硕士研究生。
The Impact of the Caregiving for Elderly Parents on the Employment
of Young and Middleaged Urban Married Women
MA Yan1, LI Long2
(1.Womens Studies Institute of China, ACWF,Beijing 100730,China;
2.School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872,China)[HQK]
Abstract:Relying on the data of the Third Wave Survey on the Social Status of Women in China (2010), this paper studies the impact of the caregiving for elderly parents on the employment of young and middleaged urban married women using Logistic Regression Models. We use propensity score weighting for robustness tests. The results show that the probability of the young and middleaged urban married women who bear the eldercare labors engaged in paid employment is lower, and the probability will be reduced by 29.6%, while whether men are engaged in paid employment isnt influenced significantly. Caregiving for the elderly is not only the obligation of the family, but also the responsibility of the government and the society. Womens labormarket participation is not only the individual rights,but also the necessity of promoting economic development and social progress.On the basis, the policy implications are discussed in the paper.
Keywords:aging; caregiving for the elderly; employment of young and middleaged women
[HQ]
一、引言
我国即将迎来人口老龄化高速度、大范围到来的时期。老年人口数量的迅猛增加,导致老年生活照料需求日益凸显。在深受儒家思想影响、传统孝道文化渊远流长、“男主外女主内”传统性别文化观念根深蒂固的中国社会,成年子女尤其是成年女性后代往往成为老年照料的主要承担者。……
