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自雇与受雇农民工城市居留意愿差异研究

2014-03-31李树茁王维博悦中山

人口与经济 2014年2期

李树茁+王维博+悦中山

摘要:农民工是否打算居留城市,不仅关系到农民工自身的发展,而且对我国的城镇化进程有重要影响。本文使用2012年流动人口动态监测调查数据,运用多元Logistic回归方法,对自雇与受雇农民工城市居留意愿差异及影响因素进行了分析。结果发现,自雇与受雇农民工在城市居留意愿上存在显著差异,与受雇者相比,自雇者更倾向于居留城市。影响农民工城市居留意愿的因素还有文化融合、经济融合、社会参与、心理融合、个人特征和流动特征。自雇者居留意愿更多受到经济因素影响,而受雇者更多受到社会、文化和心理因素影响。最后讨论了上述研究结果的政策意义。

关键词:自雇;受雇;农民工;城市居留意愿

中图分类号:C92-05 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-4149(2014)02-0012-10

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4149.2014.02.002

收稿日期:2013-09-17;修订日期:2013-12-11

基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目“农民工的社会融合与心理健康研究”(13CRK015);西安交通大学985-3项目。

作者简介:李树茁,

工学博士,西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院教授、博士生导师,人口与发展研究所所长;王维博,西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院硕士研究生;悦中山,管理学博士,西安交通大学人文社会科学学院讲师。

A Comparative Study on Settlement Intentions between

Selfemployed and Employed Migrants

LI Shuzhuo1, WANG Weibo1, YUE Zhongshan2

(1.School of Public Policy and Administration,Xian Jiaotong University,Xian 710049,China;

2.School of Humanities and Social Science,Xian Jiaotong University,Xian 710049,China)

Abstract:Settlement intentions of ruralurban migrants are not only related to their own development, but also significantly affect the process of Chinas urbanization. Using data from 2012 National Migrant Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey, this paper compares settlement intentions and their determinants between selfemployed and employed migrants by Multinomial Logistic Regression. The results show that these two groups have significant differences in settlement intentions. The selfemployed are more inclined to settle down in cities compared with the employed. Besides this, culture integration, economic integration, social participation, psychological integration, personal characteristics and migration characteristics have effects on settlement intentions of ruralurban migrants. The economic factors play a more important role in settlement intentions of selfemployed migrants, while the intentions of selfemployed are more affected by the social, cultural, and psychological factors. We discuss the policy implications of our findings.

Keywords:selfemployed migrants; employed migrants; ruralurban migrants; settlement intention

一、研究背景

改革开放以来,随着我国工业化和城市化的发展,流动人口出现了大规模的增长,其中绝大部分为乡-城流动人口,即所谓的“农民工”。农民工已成为中国产业工人的重要组成部分,为社会经济的发展做出了重大贡献。农民工进入城市以后,随着其对城市生活的逐渐适应、经济状况的好转以及社会资本的不断积累,势必面临着城市居留的抉择问题。……

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