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杂交构树在滨海盐碱地生态绿化中的应用

2014-02-13王金山刘金升彭献军倪正云王广军

天津农业科学 2014年2期

王金山+刘金升+彭献军+倪正云+王广军+沈世华

摘 要:为丰富可应用于盐碱地绿化的树种资源,建立滨海滩涂盐碱地的生态绿化体系,本文通过在环渤海湾试验基地的连续种植试验,证明了杂交构树作为绿化树种在盐碱地应用的可行性。应用合理的栽培管理技术,对杂交构树的成活和长势予以保证,建立了杂交构树在盐碱地的生态绿化体系。同时,培育出了大量的可用于盐碱地绿化的杂交构树苗木,为更大规模的种植试验和进一步推广做好了储备。

关键词:杂交构树;生态经济林;园林设计;绿化体系

中图分类号:S156.4 文献标识码:A DOI编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2014.02.024

Application of Hybrid Paper Mulberry in Ecological Virescence of the Coastal Saline

WANG Jin-shan1, LIU Jin-sheng2, PENG Xian-jun1, NI Zheng-yun2, WANG Guang-jun2, SHEN Shi-hua1

(1. Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China; 2. Tuanbowa Development Company, Dagang Oilfield, Tianjin 301607,China)

Abstract: Tree resources need to be enriched for greening and establishment of the ecological virescence system on the coastal saline of Tianjin Binhai New Area. Based on the continuous cultivation experiments in experiment base of Bohai bay rim area, we have proved the feasibility of applying hybrid paper mulberry tree in saline soil. The growth and survival of hybrid paper mulberry were guaranteed by the application of rational cultivation and management techniques. We have established the ecological virescence system in Coastal Saline by using the hybrid mulberry. At the same time, a large number of plantlet of hybrid mulberry has been cultivated for larger scale planting trials.

Key words: hybrid paper mulberry;ecological and economic forest;botanical garden design; virescence system

滨海新区和唐山曹妃甸工业区位于渤海西海岸,处于环渤海湾的中心位置,是北方的重要经济中心,但是由于地处渤海退海地,土壤的盐碱含量高,严重制约了城市生态绿化建设和城市景观经济的发展。随着滨海新区和曹妃甸工业区的开发,把盐碱地建设成为生态宜居城区愈来愈成为一个巨大的挑战。另外,在大面积的盐碱地上,如何有效提高林木覆盖率,并使之能够周年正常生长发育,对于稳步改善天津的生态环境也具有重要意义[1]。天津市盐碱地的治理已探索出了暗管排盐、淡水压碱、客土造林等园林工程技术,取得了显著成效。但工程设施投资巨大,客土资源有限,淡水资源有限,同时易形成次生破坏,难以大面积推广,不符合可持续发展的要求[2]。国内外已先后研制出一些有机和无机的特种肥料,以改良各种盐碱化土壤,使土壤养分和营养变为可利用状态。……

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