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晚清义和团运动对中国近代体育发展的影响

2012-04-29崔丽丽

山东体育学院学报 2012年3期

摘要:晚清义和团运动,对中国近代体育发展的影响有举足轻重的地位。社会体育方面:促进中国近代体育文化形成、晚清体育会的相继成立与发展以及基督教青年会在华体育活动事业推展;学校体育方面:推进体育纳入学校课程中,开始重视体育师资的培养以及促成教会学校“以学辅校”推展近代体育;体育思想方面,促进军国民体育思想的尚武精神以及促使国粹主义体育思想的新发扬;传统武术方面:促使传统武术的基础崩溃,并入教育与城市生活。

关键词:体育史;晚清;义和团运动;中国近代体育

中图分类号: 文献标识码:A文章编号:1006—2076(2012)03—00—00

Abstract:The Boxer Uprising that was caused in Late Qing had deep influences to the development of modern physical education in China. In the aspects of social physical education, it promoted the form of the Chinese modern physical education, the foundation of the athletic association in Late Qing, and the proceeding of the YMCAs sports activities in China. In the aspects of school physical education, it helped the physical education become the official curriculum. The execution of the teachers training of physical education, and the missionary schools policy of “an educational service organization that take religious activities as the dominant factors” to promote the modern physical education. In the aspects of physical education ideology: It promoted the advocate military affairs spirit of the physical education ideology of an entire nation in arms and the physical education ideology of national essence. In the aspects of traditional martial art: It attributed to the decline of the foundation of traditional martial art and made it merged into education and the city life.

Key words:Sports History; Late Qing;Boxer Uprising;physical education of modern China

甲午战争后的义和团是中国华北地区农民延续民间结社的组织形式,开设拳坛,进行神秘色彩的武术活动,面对西方帝国列强侵略者,全民拿起原始、落伍的武器,力不从心的站到民族战争的最前线。在中国

收稿日期:2011—06—29

基金项目:山东省社会科学规划研究重点项目(项目编号: 09CTYJ03 )。

作者简介:崔丽丽 (1977— ), 女, 山东曲阜人, 山东师范大学体育学院讲师,博士。

作者单位:山东师范大学体育学院,济南 250014

Shandong Normal University of Physical Education, Jinan 250014, China

的传统体育史学上,义和团运动几乎贯穿了整个华北地区广大下层民众的武术活动,其间的武术与神秘性的民间宗教活动,其影响层面涉及中国近代各阶层,对中国封建守旧迂腐的批判,以及激发晚清王朝救亡图存实施“新政”,激发中国有志青年、知识份子对西方强势文化拒往迎来等等值得肯定。而中国近代体育在这样一个时代背景环境下孕育成长,融合西方体育内容、方法和思想与中国源远流长的传统体育,形成中国近代体育及体育思想,由此可见,义和团运动对中国近代体育的发展,具有极为重要的关系与影响。……

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