丁 潇，白志鹏，韩 斌，张杰峰

南开大学环境科学与工程学院，国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室，天津 300071

鞍山市大气PM10中多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染特征及其来源

丁 潇，白志鹏*，韩 斌，张杰峰

南开大学环境科学与工程学院，国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室，天津 300071

2005年3月和8月在辽宁省鞍山市8个采样点采集PM10样品，用液相色谱-质谱法分析了PM10上负载的11种多环芳烃(PAHs)，并探讨了其分布特征和来源.结果表明:鞍山市PM10中ρ(ΣPAHs)时空变化特征显著，冬季高于夏季，且工业区PAHs污染最严重;在PAHs中4环以上的组分占主导，冬季ρ(4环PAHs)较高，而在夏季ρ(5～6环PAHs)较高.运用比值法和主成分分析法对PAHs来源进行分析，发现冬季的主要污染源为燃煤排放、机动车尾气排放和炼钢工业排放;夏季主要污染源为燃煤排放、机动车尾气排放、生物质燃烧排放和炼钢工业排放等，来源较冬季复杂.机动车尾气排放对PAHs的贡献在2个季节都较为明显，冬季燃煤排放的贡献比重明显增加.

多环芳烃(PAHs);PM10;分布;来源分析;鞍山市

Abstract:Atmospheric PM10samples were collected at eight sampling sites in Anshan City in March and August 2005.The mass concentrations of 11 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)loaded in the PM10samples were measured by LC/MSmethod，and distribution characteristics and sources of PAHs were discussed.The results showed that the total mass concentrations of PM10-bound PAHs varied temporally and spatially to a remarkable extent，with higher concentrations in winter than in summer，and the highest concentrations in the industrial area of Anshan City.PAHs species with four ormore rings comprised themost PAHs.Mass concentrations of four-ring PAHs were higher in winter，while mass concentrations of PAHs with five and six-rings were higher in summer.The sources of PAHs were analyzed using diagnostic ratio method and principal component analysis method.It was found that coal combustion，vehicle exhaust and steel industry emissions were three major sources of PM10-bound PAHs in winter. However，in addition to those source contributors，other sources such as biomass combustion m ight contribute to the atmospheric PM10-bound PAHs in summer.In summary，vehicle exhaust was recognized to be the most significant PAHs contributor in both summer and winter，while the contribution of coal combustion clearly increased in winter.

Keywords:PAHs;PM10;distribution;source analysis;Anshan City

长期以来，大气中PM10是我国工业城市的主要大气污染物之一，其所载带的多环芳烃(PAHs)对人体伤害极大，是环境中存在的一类种类多、浓度低和分布广的有机污染物.PAHs是由2个或2个以上苯环(或具有和苯环相同结构的5元环)以稠环形式相连的有机化合物，具有致癌、致畸和致基因突变的特性.PAHs除少量来自天然植被、地质尘埃和成岩作用外，大气颗粒物中的绝大部分……