陈登极

gift, present

gift着重于诚意和份量，一般指上级或同级所赠的礼物，用于表示好感、友谊、尊敬。它也可指天生的、令人敬佩的品质或才能。例如：

The watch was a Christmas gift from his father. 这块表是他父亲赠给他的圣诞礼物。

He is a man of many gifts. 他是个多才多艺的人。

present通常指一般同级或下级所赠的花钱不多的礼物，多用于口语中。例如：

Flowers and fruits are always fit presents.花及水果总是合适的礼品。

win, beat

两者在表示“战胜，赢得，打败”这一意思时，后接宾语有所不同。beat后面的宾语通常是人或比赛对手，而win后面的宾语通常是match, game, war, prize等名词。试比较：

I can beat you at swimming. 在游泳比赛中我能赢你。

He wants to win a trip to Europe, but he will be happy if he wins a new bicycle. 他想得到一个去欧洲的旅游奖，但是如果他能得到一辆新自行车，他会非常高兴。

Who do you think can win the volleyball match in the end? 你认为谁最终能赢得这场排球赛？

We played the top class at football but we couldnt beat them. 我们踢足球的水平一流，但是却不能战胜他们。

beat与win的反义词是lose，常用的结构是lose (sth.) to sb.。例如：

We lost to a womens football team. 我们输给了女子足球队。

Our team has never lost a match. 我们队从未输过一场比赛。

future, in future, in the future

future意为“未来、将来”，可构成in future, in the future短语，前者是“从今以后”的意思，后者是“未来”、“将来”的意思。例如：

I wish you a happy future. 祝你有个美好的将来。

You must be more careful in future. 你今后要更加小心些。

Who can tell what will happen in the future? 谁能说将来会发生什么？

else, other

else可以用作副词，主要用在who, whose, what 等疑问代词或nobody, nothing, somebody, something, anybody, anything等不定代词之后。例如：

Where else are you going to stay? 你们还要在什么地方停留？

I took someone elses coat by mistake. 我错拿了别人的外衣。

other意为“另一个，其他的”，一般位于名词之前。例如：

Ask other students questions about it.关于这个问题请问别的学生。

This story is more interesting than the other ones. 这个故事比其他故事更有趣。

at the end of, in the end

at the end of 意为“在……末尾”，“到……尽头”；in the end意为“最后”，“终于”，用作状语。试比较：

At the end of the term we shall have another exam. 在这个学期末我们会有另一次考试。

In the end I agreed to go. 最后我同意去。

In the end he found out all the secrets. 他终于把所有的秘密都弄明白了。

练习：

根据句意用所给词语的适当形式完成句子。

1. gift, present

① On his birthday he received a lot of________.

② The teacher gave each student a________ on New Years Day.

③She has a ________ for languages.

2. win，beat, lose

① But still we werent sure if we could_______ them.

② —Who _______ the race?

—I won but David came second.

③ They had never _______ a match to the girls before.

④ They _______ three matches, drew（平） one and _______ two.

⑤ We played very well, and we ________ the team from No. 3 Middle School.

3. future, in future, in the future

① I would like to be a teacher ________.

② Our ________ seems very uncertain.

③ People always try to live better________.

④ Theres no ________ in trying to sell furs in a hot country.

⑤ I will work hard on my English _______.

4. else, other

① ________ people may not think that way.

② I am afraid I cant help you. Youll have to ask someone ________.

③ Do youhave any ________ books on this subject?

④ He has nothing ________ to do today.

⑤ Whom ________ did you see?

5. at the end of, in the end

① ________ this class well go over the Eng-lish song.

② ________ we reached the city.

③ The Reads live in the house ________ the street.

④ ________ they had to leave their home.

⑤ Why did the monkey laugh ______?

⑥______ the road youll see the hospital.

Keys:

1. ① presents / gifts

② gift / present ③ gift

2. ① beat ② won ③ lost

④ won; lost ⑤ beat

3. ① in the future ② future

③ in the future

④ future ⑤ in future

4. ① Other② else

③ other④ else⑤ else

5. ① At the end of

② In the end

③ at the end of

④ In the end

⑤ in the end

⑥At the end of