THEATRE (剧场,戏院)

Theatre has been entertaining audiences for thousands of years. Ancient Greek （古希腊） actors used to wear masks (面具) to convey (传达) the age and mood of their character, and in Roman times （罗马时代） the first performers were actually slaves! These days theatre can mean many different things. There is opera (歌剧), pantomime (哑剧), musicals (音乐剧), Shakespeare, street performance (街头艺术) as well as dramatic plays. One thing all these variations have in common is that there is nothing quite the same as experiencing live (现场的) theatre, where each performance can be different from the last.

ANIMATION (动画)

Animation is a unique （独一无二的,独特的） medium that allows film makers huge freedoms with the images and characters they create. Traditionally, animation has been stop motion, where films are shot frame by frame (逐个画面地) and the pictures are either hand drawn or 3D (three dimensional 三维)models physically altered （改变） for each shot. When viewed the frames move so quickly, your brain still retains (保留) the previous image; this gives the illusion (假象) of movement. In recent years, traditional animation techniques have been combined with new computer software to create extremely life-like （逼真的） images. Many films now use CGI (computer generated images) to create special effects or fantasy creatures.

THE FILM INDUSTRY (电影工业)

A “can-do”, pro-active attitude plus good problem solving skills is worth a lot in the film industry. There is a huge variety of training that can be undertaken from within this industry: specific qualifications (条件) also exist and some organizations issue their own qualifications (资格，条件). Generally you start like a runner (跑腿的), doing anything from making the tea and running film from one site to another, to searching for props (小道具) or holding up lights. Perseverance (坚持不懈) and constant energy are very important, but as everyone in the industry will tell you it is well worth it. Imagine being part of the creation of Willy Wonkas Chocolate River set （《巧克力工厂》场景）, helping to build the Bat Cave (蝙蝠侠洞穴), or walking through the tents at the Quidditch （魁地奇——《哈利·波特》中的魔幻运动） World Cup!

主持人小语：

Listening, speaking, reading, and writing are the four basic skills of language learning. 这四项基本技能相辅相成，缺一不可。但对于非母语环境下的英语学习者来说，听说尤为重要。一定要“张嘴”，有道是Speaking is knowing。“大嘴”（像本刊特别顾问李阳老师建议的那样）也好，“小嘴”也好，语音语调先甭管好不好，开口了，就好！

The Theme Diary本期主题是Film and Theatre，是根据Unit 11相关话题展开的，希望大家借助dictionary的帮助认真阅读。

想知道Put the Fun Back into Fundraising 是怎么回事吗？请关注本期Live and Study Abroad的话题吧！

HOLLYWOOD (好莱坞)

Everyone likes to be rewarded (奖赏) for their work and the world of film awards is big business, especially in Hollywood. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences first presented the Academy Awards (电影艺术科学院年奖), or Oscars (奥斯卡,奥斯卡金像奖), in 1929. Throughout its history, Walt Disney (华特迪士尼) has won the most Oscars, walking away with 26, and the youngest ever to win an Oscar was Shirley Tempel, aged just six. There have been three actors who received an Oscar for playing characters with non-speaking parts and the first person to win an Oscar didnt actually come to the ceremony (典礼,仪式).