胡瑞明

1.so引起的倒装句。

【课文原句】Rock music is OK，and so is skiing.

【经典考例】

1.—My room gets very cold at night.

—________.

A.So is mineB.So mine is

C.So does mineD.So mine does

2.— Father，you promised!

— Well，But it was you didnt keep your word first.

A.so was I B.so did I

C.so I wasD.so I did

【考点解析】Keys： 1.C 2.D

“so+助动词 / 情态动词 / 连系动词+主语”的倒装结构用于表示前面主语的情况也适用于另一主语。

—Jack was in Beijing last winter.杰克去年冬天在北京。

—Really?So was I.(= I was also in Beijing last winter.) 是吗?我也在北京呀。

“so+主语+连系动词/情态动词/助动词”，这种结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed，certainly，表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的赞同或证实，语气较强。例如：

—You seem to like coffee.你似乎喜欢喝咖啡。

—So I do.是的，我喜欢。

如果前一分句中有几种不同形式的谓语，后一分句表达相同情况时，不能使用so引起的倒装句，而要用so it is with ...或It is the same with ...It is true of …或The same is true of…句型。例如：

She doesnt play the piano，but she likes singing.So it is with my sister.她不弹钢琴，但喜欢唱歌，我姐姐也是如此。

Tods father is an honest man and he works hard；so its with Tod.托德的父亲为人诚实，工作努力，托德也一样。

2.when引导并列句

【课文原句】One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.

【经典考例】：He was about halfway through his meal________a familiar voice came to his ears.(NMET 2006辽宁)

A.why B.where

C.whenD.while

【考点解析】答案为C。该空表示“正在这时，突然”，因此应填when引导并列句。when引导并列句时表示“正在这时，突然”，强调后一分句的动作是在前一分句的动作发生的期间发生。例如：

He was watching TV，when he heard someone knocking at the door.他正在看电视，突然听到有人敲门。

She was about to go to bed，when the telephone rang.她正准备上床睡觉，突然电话铃响了。

3.even though引导让步状语从句

【课文原句】Even though Wilson is just a volleyball，he becomes fond of him.

【经典考例】Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice，________they knew it to be valuable.(NMET 2007浙江)

A.as if B.now thatC.even thoughD.so that

【考点解析】答案为C。even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使……”，“纵使……”之意。可与even if替换，两者意思基本相同，但意义有细微差别。even if引导的让步从句含有强烈的假定性，而even though引导让步状语从句时，是以从句的内容为先决条件的，也就是说，说话人肯定了从句的事实。

4.should +现在完成时

【课文原句】He also learns that he should have cared more about his friends.

【经典考例】I told your friend how to get to the hotel，but perhaps I________have driven her there.(NMET 2007 陕西)

A.couldB.must

C.mightD.should

【考点解析】答案为D。 should have done意为“(过去)本应该做……而实际上未做”，用来表示对过去已发生事情的不满或责备等语气。其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了。可以与ought to +不定式完成式(have done)互换。例如：

There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party.You ought to have come，but why didnt you? 昨天的聚会非常有意思。你本应该来，为何不来呢?

拓展比较：neednt have done表示“本来不必做而实际上做了某事”；can (could) have done在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而实际上未做某事”，含有遗憾的意味；must have done sth表示“过去一定做了某事”。

5.have difficulty in doing sth句型

【课文原句】However，most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.

【经典考例】

—Did you have any trouble ________the ________ house?

—No，but I had a lot of difficulty________ .

________ Nobody seemed to know where the key ________ was.

A.to find；getting into

B.in finding；to get in

C.finding；getting into

D.finding；getting in

【考点解析】答案为D。have difficulty in doing sth意为“做某事有困难“，其中的difficulty是不可数名词，可用much，little等来修饰。此外该句型中的difficulty可换成trouble，problem，a hard time等。还可构成句型：have some difficulty with sth。

6.“with+宾语+宾补”结构

【课文原句】With so many people communicating in English every day，we can see that it will be more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.

【经典考例】

1.— Come on，please give me some ideas about the project.

________— Sorry.With so much work________my mind，I almost break down.(NMET 07福建卷)

A.filled B.filling C.to fill D.being filled

2.John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work________he gladly accepted it.(NMET 07安徽卷)

A.finished________ B.finishing________

C.having finished D.was finished

【考点解析】答案为1.B 2.A “with+宾语+宾补”，称为 with 复合结构，在句中作状语或定语，其中的宾补可以是名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词，过去分词等等。在考题中常要求选择宾补的形式，在选择时宾补该使用什么形式，主要取决于宾语与宾补的关系，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系则用过去分词，此外，不定式作宾补一般表示将来要做的事，例如：

With so many people communicating in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.(宾语so many people与communicate是主动关系，因此用现在分词作宾补)

With everything he needed to buy，he went into the store.(不定式作宾补表示将来要做的事)

With everything he needed bought，he left the store.(过去分词作宾补表被动表完成)

With my key lost，I couldnt enter my room.(过去分词作宾补表被动)

With nothing to do，I went out for a walk.(不定式作宾补)★