陈效科　梁　栋　席双庆　卜义文

摘 要：足球意识是运动员在足球比赛中对自己身心状态与比赛情况变化的感觉、知觉、思维、记忆等的综合觉察与认识的心理活动，它包括体能意识、技术意识、战术意识、心理意识和环境意识。良好的足球意识表现为技术的合理性、战术的灵活性、行动的目的性、情形的预见性、判断的准确性、攻防的协同性、动作的虚实性和配合的默契性。其培养主要从以下几方面入手：提高足球理论水平；训练要技术意识化；重视战术思维训练；提高敏锐的观察能力；培养坚强的意志品质。

关键词：足球意识；培养

中图分类号：G843.03

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1007-3612(2008)08-1133-03

On the Content and Extension of Football Consciousness and Its Training

CHEN Xiao-ke, LIANG Dong, XI Shuang-qing，BU Yi-wen

(Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China)

Abstract:Football consciousness is mental activity about sense, aesthesia, memory and so-called comprehensive sense and cognition, which athlete have in match to his state of body and mind and change of match, it include consciousness of physical active ability and consciousness of skill and consciousness of tactics and mental consciousness and consciousness of surroundings. Well Football consciousness have rationality of skill and agility of tactics and intention of activity and forecast of situation and veracity of estimate and cooperation of attack and guard and false or true of action and privity of cooperation. Training football consciousness need to take measure as follow: to improve level of theory about football; to skill training to be

blended consciousness; to pay attention to training of tactics thinking; to improve keen espial ability; to train strong volition.

Key words: football consciousness; training

现代足球比赛以技术为基础，以战术为手段，以体能为保证，以意识为灵魂。

足球意识虽然建立在先天遗传的基础上，但是通过后天培养是可以得到提高的，它在现代足球运动发展中起着不可忽视的重要作用，是衡量运动员和球队成熟与否的重要标志。凭借良好的足球意识，运动员可以把技战术水平发挥得淋漓尽致，能够在高速度、强对抗的比赛中掌握主动权。本文主要是通过长期的训练实践，运用文献资料法、观察法和逻辑分析法，对足球意识的理论做进一步探讨，以期推动足球运动的科学化训练。

1 意识的涵义

根据《辞海》，意识有三种解释：一是觉察；二是与“物质”相对应的哲学范畴，指客观世界在人脑中的主观映象；三是大乘佛教唯识录中“八识”的第六识“意识”，相当于综合感觉所形成的知觉、思维等。……