杨学玲

当作宾语补足语的动词和前面的宾语之间是被动关系时，一般应用动词的-ed形式作宾语补足语。

1．在感官动词see, hear, feel, notice, watch, find等后作宾语补足语。

I heard the Ninth Symphony played last night.

昨晚我听了第九交响乐的演奏。

We found all the rivers seriously polluted.

我们发现所有的河流都被严重污染了。

Yesterday I noticed a little girl caught stealing in the shop.

昨天我在商店里见到一个小女孩偷东西时被抓住了。

He felt his collar pulled by someone from behind.

他感觉到衣领被人从后面拉了一下。

2．在使役动词get, have, make, leave, keep等后作宾语补足语。

①动词的-ed形式作get的宾语补足语。

Doris got her bad tooth pulled out in the hospital.

多丽丝在医院把坏牙拔了。

Ill just get these dishes washed and then Ill come.

我得先把盘子洗了，然后就来。

比较：

动词get后也可接动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，和宾语是主动关系。

I couldnt get the car to start this morning.

今早我无法把汽车发动起来。

He got his sister to help him with his clothes.

他让姐姐帮他洗衣服。

It is not hard to get him talking; the problem is stopping him!

让他说话不难，难的是让他停止说话。

Can you really get that old clock going again?

你真的能让那只旧钟再走起来吗？

②动词的-ed形式作make的宾语补足语。

He raised his voice in order to make himself heard.

他提高了嗓门，为了使别人听清他的讲话。

You should make your views known to the public.

你应该让公众知道你的观点。

注意：

动词make后的宾语补足语可用不带to的动词不定式或动词-ed形式，但不可用动词-ing形式。

你能让学生理解这篇课文吗？

【误】Can you make the students understanding the text?

【正】Can you make the students understand the text?

【正】Can you make the text understood by the students?

③动词-ed形式作keep或leave的宾语补足语。

They all went home, leaving all the work undone.

所有的工作都没完成，他们就回家了。

The detective and his assistant kept themselves locked in the room all night. 侦探和他的助手把自己整夜反锁在房间里。

④使役动词have 后既可接动词-ed形式，也可接动词不定式和动词

-ing形式作宾语补足语。三者之间有一定的区别。

have…do

不定式动作由宾语发出，表示让某人做某事。

Im going to have the teacher answer this question after class.

我打算课后让老师回答这个问题。

have…doing

(1)让某人做某事或让某个动作一直持续着。

He had the car waiting outside. 他让小汽车在外面等着。

(2)常用于否定结构，表示“不容忍”、“不能让”。……