民营企业履行社会责任与政府监管的博弈分析
2008-03-20林鸿熙
林鸿熙
摘 要:建立政府与民营企业之间的博弈监督模型,并求其混合Nash均衡解,结果表明,可通过减少民营企业未履行社会责任时的预期收益和降低政府监管成本、提高监管效率来促使民营企业履行社会责任。因此,应制定适合我国国情的民营企业社会责任标准;加大对违规企业的管理和处罚力度,并建立全方位、多渠道的综合监管体系;同时,还应呼吁社会公众的广泛参与。
关键词:民营企业;企业社会责任;政府监管;监管成本;博弈
中图分类号:F224.32;F276.5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1008-6439(2008)02-0094-03
Gambling analysis of implementing social responsibilities of private enterprises and its governmental supervision
LIN Hong-xi
(Putian University,Fujian Putian 351100,China)
Abstract:Through establishing the gambling supervision model between the government and private enterprises,and obtaining the mixed Nash equilibrium solution,a conclusion can be drawn that the social responsibilities of private enterprises can be urged to implement by reducing their expected gains when the private enterprises do not carry out their social responsibilities and by reducing governmental supervising cost and by improving supervising efficiency. Thus,social responsibility standard of private enterprises suitable for the situation of China should be established to deepen the penalties on the law-violated private enterprises so that all-round,multi-channel and comprehensive supervising system can be established,meanwhile,the masses should be encouraged to participate in the system.
Key words:private enterprises;social responsibility of enterprises;government supervision;supervising cost;gamble
目前,企业社会责任运动[1]逐渐成为了一种国际潮流,越来越得到国际社会的关注和认可。我国政府职能正处于转型之中,尚未建立完善的监管体系,因而还不能十分有效地对民营企业社会责任履行行为实施很好的监管。简而言之,由于信息的不对称,民营企业社会责任的履行和政府监管之间存在着一个策略博弈的过程,博弈双方都将依据自身利益最大化原则做出相应的策略选择。本文运用博弈论的理论方法构造了民营企业社会责任履行与政府监管的博弈模型,求得其混合Nash均衡解,并做了进一步的分析,最后结合我国民营企业的现实情况提出了相应的政策建议。
一、政府和民营企业博弈关系分析
(一)社会责任的界定
所谓企业社会责任是指企业在追求利润合理化的同时所应承担的维护和促进社会利益的义务。广义的企业社会责任,包括强制性社会责任和自觉性社会责任,前者指企业的经济责任和法律责任,后者指企业在公益、文化、教育、环境等方面的道德责任和慈善责任[2],如表1所示。……
