王　营　陈守强　韩艳丽　刘　芳　姜红菊　吴逸南　快　递

【摘要】 目的 探讨乘务人员高血压的流行特点。方法 ①选择济南铁路局在职男性职工共8600人进行调查，其中的乘务人员4400人为暴露组,年龄20~59岁，平均(38．56±13．11)岁;非乘务人员4200人为对照组，年龄21~59岁，平均(39．28±10．21)岁；②问卷调查：采用专门设计的问卷调查表，了解被调查者的一般情况、家族史等；③体格检查：测身高、体质量、测量血压等；④统计学方法 所有数据均用SSPS10统计软件处理，两组间的均数比较采用t检验，率的比较用χ²检验。结果 ①在年龄、体重指数及家族史方面，暴露组与对照组比较无差异；②高血压的患病率，暴露组高于对照组，差异有统计学意义；③高血压患病率在所有受检人员中随年龄增加逐步增高，在30岁以上受检人员中暴露组患病率明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义。结论 乘务人员高血压患病率明显升高，而且有年轻化趋势。不稳定的工作环境、较大的工作压力，作息时间紊乱及噪音的影响可能是其影响因素。

【关键词】高血压；流行病学

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EpidemiologyinvestigationofHypertentionintrainmen

WANG Ying,CHEN Shou-qiang,HAN Yan-li,et al.The Second Hospital Attached to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Jinan 250001，China

【Abstract】 Objective To study epidemiologic feature of hypertension in trainmen.Methods All trainmen were male,consecutively recruited from April to June,2006．A total of 8600 trainmen were included in the study.The case group contained 4400 trainmen from somerailroad bureau,and another 4200 un-trainmen as contrasts.Questionary investigation(including age and family history)and blood pressure were made to gather the data.t-test and χ²test were used.Results The age,BMI and family history of the second group was no difference.The morbidity of hypertension was considerably high in trainmen.The morbidity of hypertension heightened along with ageing in all trainmen,and was relatively high in trainmen after 30 years old.Conclusion The morbidity of hypertension in trainmen was relatively high,.and it had youthified trend.Precarious stewardship surroundings or compressive stress or turbulence of work and rest or noise hazard was likely to influencing factor.

【Key words】Hypertention；Epidemiology

为了解乘务员高血压的流行特点，探讨其影响因素，笔者于2006年4~6月对济南铁路局在职男性职工共8600人进行了调查。现报告如下。

1 材料与方法

1．1 研究对象

选择于2006年4~6月对济南铁路局在职男性职工共8600人进行调查,其中的乘务人员4400人为暴露组,年龄20~59岁,平均(38．56±13．11)岁;非乘务人员4200人为对照组,年龄21~59岁,平均(39．28±10．21)岁。

1．2 研究对象排除标准 ①发热及急慢性感染性疾病；②全身免疫性疾病，慢性结缔组织病；③60天内有外伤或手术史；……