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以人为本,共建“生长”课堂

2018-01-11李洁

江苏教育 2017年15期
关键词:句型板书生长

李洁

【设计理念】

译林新版《英语》五下Unit 5 Helping our parents这一单元围绕孩子帮助父母做家务这一话题,呈现了现在进行时的用法。作为第一课时的教学内容,Story time板块以Mike的视角呈现了布朗一家人周六一天的生活场景。课文内容贴近学生的生活,容易引起学生的共鸣,且将现在进行时融合在故事情境中更利于学生掌握。

《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》指出,英语课程承担着提高学生综合人文素养的任务,英语教学要体现工具性与人文性的双重属性。在进行教学设计时,笔者力求以生为本,尊重教育规律和学生的成长规律,紧紧围绕帮父母做家务这一话题,设计有利于启发学生思考的教学活动,让学生在获得知识和技能的同时,感悟文化内涵,积累思考问题和参与实践的经验,逐步形成和发展学生的核心素养。

1.任务驱动,建构语言平台。

小学英语教学以“培养学生的综合语言运用能力”为总目标。本节课有一个新的语法知识:现在进行时。基于该内容,笔者设计了一份学生自主学习单,上面有针对已学知识的回忆,也有对新课的预习。自主学习单可以为学生的语言学习搭好支架,为后面学习的顺利开展和课后拓展延伸提供帮助。在Pre-reading这一环节中,教师通过对自主学习单的检测,自然地引入新的学习内容,以教师的生活为切入点引领学生进入文本,感悟文本。走出文本后,笔者引导学生围绕板书,开展合作学习,最终完成语用任务,习得语言。

2.方法指导,培养阅读能力。

本节课是一节五年级的阅读课,阅读课的教学必定要关注阅读策略的渗透和学生阅读能力的培养。在进行教学设计时,笔者发现这篇课文中的插图生动、形象,对学生理解文本有很大的帮助。于是在让学生自读文本第一部分之前,笔者设计了一个问题If you dont know the meaning of the words, what can you do?并以此告訴学生通过观察文本中的插图可以帮助自己熟悉新单词、理解文本,这样便渗透了阅读方法和策略的教学。学生学会了阅读技巧之后,教师完全放手让他们自学后面的两段,训练他们的阅读技能,培养学生的自主阅读能力。

3.情境引领,提升思维品质。

语言是思维的工具,而思维则是人的内部语言。作为英语教师,我们应该重视学生英语思维的培养,提高他们的综合语言运用能力。在本节课中,笔者创设不同的情境,让学生在情境中进行交流,以读促说,以说促思,通过 “Think and guess”“Lets imagine”等活动,培养学生的创造性思维;同时运用思维导图,引导学生进行逻辑思维,帮助学生快速提取文本信息、处理信息,重组信息、形成自己的概念。这些做法旨在提升学生的理解能力和分析能力,提升思维的层次和品质。

【教学目标】

1.初学课文,会读、会说本单元重点词句:

parent, clean, cook, sweep, busy, wash;

What is he/she doing?He / She is...

What are you/they doing?I am/We/They are...

2.能正确地理解并朗读课文,在教师的引导下,借助图片或关键词尝试复述课文内容。

3.能初步感知和理解现在进行时的用法。

4.通过学习,鼓励学生帮父母做力所能及的家务。

【教学过程及意图】

Step1 Warm-up

1.Enjoy a song Monkey, Monkey,What are you doing ?

2.Self-introduction.

T: Hello, boys and girls. Today Im your new English teacher Miss Li. Im very happy to be here, to have an English lesson with you. I hope we have a good time. OK?

Ss: OK.

【歌曲节奏明快,充满童趣,且与本课教学内容密切相关,这不仅可以极大地激发学生的兴趣、活跃课堂氛围,而且有助于学生初步感知本节课的目标语言,渗透现在进行时态。】

Step 2 Pre-reading

1.Brain storming.

T:Yesterday I asked you to finish the self-study paper, have you finished?

Ss:Yes.

T:Good! Now its time for you to show us. OK?

Ss:OK.

T:Please say the words about actions quickly. The more, the better. You just have 30 seconds, and no repeating. Ready?Go!

【笔者通过自主学习单,让学生回忆已经学习过的动词,并写下来。30 seconds non-stop talking这个游戏是对这一学习任务的检测,同时能激活学生的语言储备,培养学生的发散性思维,为后面的语言输出做好铺垫。】

2.Talk about the hobbies.

T:Now could you tell me what do you like doing?

S:I like ...ing /....endprint

T:Oh, you like...I like...too. Look!Im...ing.

【I like...ing.是学生非常熟悉的句型,通过I like...ing. 练习...ing的用法,承上启下,为新句型的学习埋下了伏笔。】

3.Learn to say: I am...ing.(初步感知现在进行时)

T:Try to follow me. I am...ing.(边做动作边说,再换几个动作带领学生边做边说,学习新句型:I am...ing)

T:Can you do and say“I am...ing.” ?

Ss:I am dancing/swimming/reading/...(边做动作边说)

T:Look at the picture.(教师的半身照片)What am I doing?Guess.

Ss:You are...ing/...

T:Look!I am sweeping the floor.

(Teach:sweep—sweep the floor—I am sweeping the floor.)

Ss try to do and say: I am sweeping the floor.

T:I am sweeping the floor at home.What about my families? What are they doing? Look! This is my father. What is he doing?

S:He is reading.

T:This is my mother. What is she doing?

S:She is watching TV.

T:What about my brother? What is he doing?

S:He is playing computer games.

【由I like...ing.自然地過渡到I am...ing.教师从自己的生活入手,激发学生的好奇心,并通过Guessing game,让学生初步感知和理解现在进行时,并能简单运用。】

Step 3 While-reading

1.T:Now I think you know something about me. What do you know about Mike?

(学生通过课件中的图片,回忆关于Mike的相关信息,板书贴出Mike的家庭成员)

2.Watch and choose.

T:Today Mike is going to tell us something. What is he going to tell us? Is he going to tell us his hobbies or family life?

Ss watch the cartoon, then choose Family life.

教授单词:parents

揭题:Today our topic is helping our parents.

【教师通过看卡通选答案的方式,激发学生的兴趣,帮助学生整体感知文本,点明本课的主题,并为进一步学习和理解文本做准备。】

3.Think and guess.

Ss try to guess what are Mikes family doing?

【结合文本内容,对现在进行时的基本用法进行进一步操练,这样学生对其结构特点会更加熟悉,以便后面可以自然地运用。】

4.Part 1.

Read and match.

T:In the morning, what are they doing?(板书:In the morning)Take out your paper. Read and match.

Tip: If you dont know the meaning of the new words, what can you do?

Ss:I / We can...

T:You can guess according to the pictures.

(学生自读课文第一段,看图,将人物与所做的事情连线)

【文本中的插图生动、形象,反映着文本内容,于是笔者充分利用插图这一宝贵资源,教会学生在读图的过程中捕捉相关信息,为深入理解文本做好铺垫。】

Check the answer.

T:What is Mikes father doing? Which one is right?

S:Clean the car.

T:How do you know? Lets underline the sentence: My father is cleaning the car.(Teach: clean—clean the car—cleaning the car)(贴板书: cleaning the car)

Who can read the sentence?

S:My father is cleaning the car.

T:What about Mikes mother? What is she doing?endprint

Ss find the sentence and read: My mother is cooking breakfast in the kitchen.

T:Look at this sentence.

The cook( ) is cooking( ).

A. 烹饪 B. 厨师

Ss read and choose.

T:What is Mike doing?

S:He is cleaning the car.(My father is cleaning the car. I am helping him.)

T:What about Helen?

S:She is sweeping the floor.(Helen is in the living room. She is sweeping the floor.)

T:What is Tim doing?

S:Tim is in his bedroom. He is sleeping. Ben the dog is sleeping too.

(在此過程中,教师板书相应的词组)

【教师引导学生学习文本的第一段,教给学生阅读的方法和技巧,初步考查学生对文本的理解情况。通过读一读、看一看、连一连、说一说的活动,学生感知、学习和操练所学短语和句型。因为调动了学生的多种感官,学习难度得到降低。】

Think and answer.

T:Is Tim helping his parents?Why?

【这个问题让学生对文本第一段再次进行快速梳理,后面的一个追问可以打开学生的思路,同时渗透对学生的情感教育。】

5.Part 2、3.

Look and choose.

T:They are so busy in the morning. In the afternoon, what are they doing?(板书: In the afternoon)

Look at the pictures and choose.

Helen is .Mike is .

Mum is .Tim is .

A. cooking dinner B.cleaning the table

C.washing the dishes D.eating fruit

E.watching TV

Tip: If you cant read the new words, what can you do?

Ss:I / We can...

T:You can ask your partners for help.

Ss look at the pictures and choose.

Read, talk and check.

Teach: wash, dish, wash the dishes, busy

(在此过程中请学生板书相应的词组)

Think and answer

T:Is Tim helping his parents in the afternoon?Why?

Guess and say

T:In the afternoon, where is Mikes dad? What is he doing?

【授人以鱼,不如授人以渔。教师引导学生自学文本后面两段,用以旧带新的方法教会学生认读新单词。学生运用学到的阅读策略,通过选择、贴图、阅读,进一步理解文本。学生获得的不仅仅是语言知识,同时还可以掌握一定的阅读技巧,增强自信心。在猜测Mike爸爸行踪的过程中,学生思维被激活,可以进一步巩固所学知识。】

6.Think and say.

T:Family is very important for everyone. We should help each other. To help our parents, what can we do?

【教师带领学生从文本回到生活,引导学生体会帮助别人的快乐,鼓励学生在家里帮助父母做家务,在学校里和老师、同学一起维持校园环境的整洁。】

Step 4 Post-reading

1.Listen and repeat.

2.Retell the story.

In the morning, Mikes father is cleaning the car. Mike is...(引导学生看板书复述课文)

Retell in groups of four, retell together or one by one.

3.Lets imagine.

On Sunday, what are they doing?

【以上教学,学生经历了从感知理解语言到模仿操练语言,再到尝试运用语言的过程,而最后的任务可以充分调动学生的情感、生活经验和语言积累,培养学生的想象力,促进学生综合语言运用能力的发展。】

Step 5 Homework

1.Listen and repeat, then retell the story.

2.Help your parents do housework, take some pictures and write a diary.

【教师布置开放性的作业,调动学生的多种感官,学生动手动口又动脑,体验学习英语的乐趣,建立写作的信心,同时感受劳动的快乐。】■ (作者单位:江苏省建湖县实验小学)endprint

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