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牛蒡子化学成分的研究

2015-02-10秦智彬丁林芬梁南熙余文怡徐兴梦郭亚东

天然产物研究与开发 2015年12期
关键词:牛蒡子分子式柱层析

秦智彬,丁林芬,李 兰,梁南熙,余文怡,徐兴梦,邓 亮*,郭亚东*,

1昆明医科大学药学院暨云南省天然药物药理重点实验室,昆明 650500;2昆明市圣济药业有限公司,昆明,650118;3 西安市第二医院,西安. 710003

牛蒡子为菊科植物牛蒡(Arctium lappaL.)的干燥成熟果实,属辛凉解表药具疏散风热、宣肺透疹、消肿解毒之功效。用于治疗风热感冒、咳痰多、咽喉肿痛、斑疹不透、风疹作痒、痈肿疮毒等症,在我国分布广泛[1]。其脂肪油营养不亚于核桃油、大豆油。牛蒡叶多作外用,有明显的消炎、解毒、镇痛作用。牛蒡根,又名东洋参,有明显的降血糖、降血脂、降血压、补肾壮阳、润肠通便和抑制癌细胞滋生、扩散及移弃水中重金属的作用,是非常理想的天然保健食品,在国内外市场上作为蔬菜均有销售,享有“蔬菜之王”的美誉[2,3]。为了解其里面的主要化学成分,我们对买自昆明菊花村药材市场的牛蒡子进行化学成分研究。通过柱层析,制备HPLC 和现代波谱学技术分离鉴定了14 个木脂素类化合物,分别为牛蒡子苷(1),牛蒡苷元(2),罗汉松树脂酚(3),牛蒡酚B(4),异牛蒡酚A(5),牛蒡酚A(6),(+)-Diasyringaresinol(7),tanegool(8),arctignan F(9),牛蒡酚F(10),牛蒡酚C(11),arctignan D(12),arctignan E(13),牛蒡酚H(14),其中化合物7 和8 为首次从该种植物中分离得到。

1 仪器与试剂

1D-NMR 在Bruker AM-400、Bruker DRX-500或Bruker AM-600 核磁共振仪上测定,TMS 作为内标,δ 为ppm,J为Hz;ESI-MS 在Burker HCT 或Esquire 质谱仪上测定;高分辨质谱在Auto-Spec Premier P776 质谱仪上测定;拌样及层析用硅胶(100-200,200~300 目),均为青岛海洋化工厂生产;反相填充材料RP-18 为40~60 μm,Merk 公司生产;MCI填充材料为MCI-gel CHP-20P;HPLC 分析仪器为Agilent 1260 型高效液相色谱仪,色谱柱为Agilent公司的ZORBAX SB-C18反相柱(9.6 ×150 mm,5 μm)。凝胶为Sephadex LH-20;显色剂非碱为10%H2SO4的乙醇溶液,喷洒后适当加热。

实验药材购自于云南昆明菊花村药材市场。由中国科学院昆明植物研究所植物园成晓研究员鉴定。

2 提取与分离

干燥牛蒡子21 kg,粉碎后用甲醇提取三次(50 L/次),合并提取液,减压蒸馏除去有机溶剂,得到粗提物1.4 kg,将此粗提物用2.0 kg 100~200 目硅胶拌样,以不同比例的石油醚-丙酮系统(9∶1,8∶2,7∶3,1∶1,0∶1)进行梯度洗脱,用TLC 进行检测,合并相同组分得到七个馏分:I-Ⅶ。

馏分Ⅳ用丙酮结晶,得到化合物1(35.4 g)。

馏分Ⅶ以聚酰胺拌样,以甲醇-水系统(45%-100%)在MCI 柱上进行梯度洗脱,以TLC 进行检测,合并相同组分得到Ⅶa,Ⅶb,Ⅶc,Ⅶe,Ⅶf 和Ⅶg。Ⅶa 段先以不同比例的氯仿-丙酮系统(95∶5-1∶1)进行梯度洗脱,用TLC 进行检测,合并相同组分,然后再以甲醇-水系统(23∶87,流速3 mL/min)进行半制备,得到化合物3 (181.8 mg,tR=12.8 min),4(1.5 g,tR=12.9 min),和5 (42.2 mg,tR=19.3 min)。Ⅶb 段经过多次柱层析得到化合物6(6.1 mg)和7(2.8 mg)。Ⅶc 用甲醇结晶,得到化合物2(55.89 g),对其浑浊液以甲醇-水系统(43∶57,流速3 mL/min)进行半制备,得到化合物10(121.0 mg,tR=15.2 min)。Ⅶd 段经过多次柱层析得到化合物8(57.5 mg)和11(54.2 mg)。Ⅶf 段以乙腈-水系统(23∶77,流速3 mL/min)进行半制备,得到化合物12 (55.1 mg)和13 (70.0 mg)。Ⅶg 段以甲醇-水系统(45∶55,流速3 mL/min)进行半制备,得到化合我9(4.4 mg,tR=13.6 min)和14(26.9 mg,tR=19.3 min)。

3 结构鉴定

化合物1 白色针状结晶,ESI-MSm/z557[M+Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C27H34O11,1H NMR (methanol-d4,400 MHz):δH6.82(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),7.05 (1H,d,J=8.2 Hz,H-5),6.66 (m,H-6),2.83-2.90 (1H,m,H-7a),2.83-2.90 (1H,m,H-7b),6.59-6.53 (1H,m,H-2'),6.84 (1H,d,J=9.0,H-5'),6.59-6.63 (1H,d,J=8.0,H-6'),2.56~2.59 (1H,m,H-7'a),2.56~2.59 (1H,m,H-7'b),2.56~2.59 (1H,m,H-8'),4.2 (1H,m,H-9'a),3.96 (1H,m,H-9'b),3.40-4.53 (6H,m,Sugar-H);13C NMR (methanold4,100 MHz):δC134.2 (s,C-1),113.0 (d,C-2),150.6 (s,C-3),149.1 (s,C-4),117.8 (d,C-5),122.1 (d,C-6),35.4 (t,C-7),47.6 (d,C-8),181.4(s,C-9),132.7 (s,C-1'),113.5 (d,C-2'),150.4(s,C-3'),146.8 (s,C-4'),114.7 (d,C-5'),122.9(d,C-6'),38.9 (t,C-7'),42.5 (t,C-8'),72.9 (t,C-9'),102.8 (d,C-1″),74.9 (d,C-2″),77.8 (d,C-3″),71.3 (d,C-4″),78.2 (d,C-5″),62.5 (t,C-6″),56.4,56.5,56.6 (OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[4]一致,故推断该化合物为牛蒡子苷。

化合物2 白色块状结晶,ESI-MSm/z371[M+Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C26H32O11,1H NMR (methanol-d4,400 MHz):δH6.64(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.82 (1H,d,J=8.2 Hz,H-5),6.61 (dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz H-6),2.90 (1H,dd,J=14,6.5 Hz,H-7a),2.94 (1H,dd,J=14,5.0 Hz,H-7b),2.57 (t,ddd,J=8.0,6.5,5.0 Hz,H-8),6.46 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'),6.74 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5'),6.54 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6'),2.52 (1H,dd,J=13.5,5.0 Hz,H-7'a),2.64(1H,dd,J=13.5,6.0 Hz,H-7'b),2.48 (1H,m,H-8'),3.88 (1H,dd,J=9.0,7.5 Hz,H-9'a),4.13(1H,dd,J=9.0,7.5 Hz,H-9'b);13C NMR (methanol-d4,100 MHz):δC132.8 (s,C-1),113.8 (d,C-2),149.0 (s,C-3),146.4 (s,C-4),116.1 (d,C-5),123.0 (d,C-6),35.4 (t,C-7),47.7 (d,C-8),181.6 (s,C-9),130.7 (s,C-1'),113.8 (d,C-2'),150.4 (s,C-3'),149.1 (s,C-4'),113.0 (d,C-5'),122.0 (d,C-6'),38.9 (t,C-7'),42.4 (t,C-8'),72.9 (t,C-9'),56.3,56.3,56.4 (OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[5]一致,故推断该化合物为牛蒡苷元。

化合物3 白色无定型粉末,ESI-MSm/z381[M+Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C20H22O6,1H NMR (methanol-d4,400 MHz):δH6.61 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.82 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5),6.60 (dd,J=8.0 Hz H-6),2.88(1H,dd,J=14.0,7.0 Hz,H-7a),2.94 (1H,dd,J=14.0,5.5 Hz,H-7b),2.56 (t,dt,J=7.0,5.5 Hz,H-8),6.41 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'),6.79 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5'),6.51 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6'),2.53 (1H,dd,J=13.5,8.0 Hz,H-7'a),2.61 (1H,dd,J=13.5,6.5 Hz,H-7'b),2.47 (1H,m,H-8'),3.88 (1H,dd,J=9.0,7.5 Hz,H-9'a),4.15 (1H,dd,J=9.0,7.5 Hz,H-9'b);13C NMR(methanol-d4,100 MHz):δC131.5 (s,C-1),113.2(d,C-2),149.0 (s,C-3),146.3 (s,C-4),116.1(d,C-5),123.0 (d,C-6),35.3 (t,C-7),47.7 (d,C-8),181.6 (s,C-9),130.8 (s,C-1'),113.8 (d,C-2'),149.0 (s,C-3'),146.3 (s,C-4'),113.8 (d,C-5'),122.2 (d,C-6'),38.9 (t,C-7'),42.5 (t,C-8'),72.9 (t,C-9'),56.3,56.3 (OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[5]一致,故推断该化合物为罗汉松树脂酚。

化合物4 无色油状,ESI-MSm/z573 [M +Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C31H34O9,1H NMR (methanol-d4,400 MHz):δH6.64(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.59 (d,J=2.0 Hz H-6),2.92 (1H,dd,J=14.0,6.5 Hz,H-7a),2.96(1H,dd,J=14.0,5.5 Hz,H-7b),2.60 (t,m,H-8),6.53 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'),6.76 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5'),6.58 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6'),2.55 (1H,H-7'),2.66 (1H,dd,J=13.0,6.0 Hz,H-7'b),2.52 (1H,m,H-8'),6.94 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2″),6.87 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5″),6.90(1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6″),5.53 (1H,d,J=7.5 Hz,H-7″),3.53 (1H,dt,J=7.5,6.0 Hz,H-8″);13C NMR (methanol-d4,100 MHz):δC130.1(s,C-1),112.8 (d,C-2),148.1 (s,C-3),145.3 (s,C-4),132.8 (d,C-5),118.9 (d,C-6),35.7 (t,C-7),47.8 (d,C-8),181.5 (s,C-9),132.7 (s,C-1'),113.5 (d,C-2'),150.4 (s,C-3'),149.1 (s,C-4'),113.8 (d,C-5'),122.1 (d,C-6'),38.9 (t,C-7'),42.6 (t,C-8'),72.9 (t,C-9'),134.6 (s,C-1″),110.4 (d,C-2″),149.1 (s,C-3″),147.5 (s,C-4″),116.1 (d,C-5″),119.7 (d,C-6″),89.1 (t,C-7″),55.3 (d,C-8″),64.8 (t,C-9″),56.3,56.3,56.3(OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[5]一致,故推断该化合物为牛蒡酚B。

化合物5 无色油状,ESI-MSm/z559 [M +Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C39H32O6,1H NMR (methanol-d4,400 MHz):δH6.62(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.49 (d,J=2.0 Hz H-6),2.91 (1H,dd,J=14.0,6.5 Hz,H-7a),2.95(1H,dd,J=14.0,5.5 Hz,H-7b),6.42 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'),6.80 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5'),6.54(1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6'),2.63 (1H,dd,J=13.0,7.0 Hz,H-7'b),3.90 (1H,dd,J=9.0,6.0 Hz,H-9'a),4.15 (1H,dd,J=9.0,6.0 Hz,H-9'b),6.92 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-2″),6.87 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5″),6.89 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6″),5.53 (1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-7″),3.55 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″);13C NMR (methanol-d4,100 MHz):δC130.2(s,C-1),116.1 (d,C-2),148.1 (s,C-3),146.4 (s,C-4),134.5(d,C-5),119.7 (d,C-6),35.3 (t,C-7),47.7 (d,C-8),181.6 (s,C-9),130.7 (s,C-1'),114.2 (d,C-2'),149.1 (s,C-3'),147.5 (s,C-4'),116.1 (d,C-5'),123.1 (d,C-6'),39.0 (t,C-7'),42.5 (t,C-8'),72.9 (t,C-9'),133.4(s,C-1″),110.5 (d,C-2″),149.0 (s,C-3″),145.4(s,C-4″),114.0 (d,C-5″),119.7 (d,C-6″),89.0(t,C-7″),55.3 (d,C-8″),64.7 (t,C-9″),56.3,56.4,56.6 (OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[5]一致,故推断该化合物为异牛蒡酚A。

化合物6 无色油状,ESI-MSm/z559 [M +Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C39H32O6,1H NMR (methanol-d4,400 MHz):δH6.68(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.81 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz H-5),6.61 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz H-6),2.90(1H,dd,J=14.0,7.0 Hz,H-7a),2.97 (1H,dd,J=14.0,5.5 Hz,H-7b),2.57 (1H,ddd,J=12.0,7.0,5.0 Hz H-8),6.42 (1H,br s,H-2'),6.42 (1H,br s,H-6'),2.54 (1H,dd,J=13.5,8.0 Hz,H-7'a),2.64 (1H,dd,J=13.5,5.5 Hz,H-7'b),2.49(1H,m,H-8'),3.90 (1H,dd,J=9.0,6.0 Hz,H-9'a),4.17 (1H,dd,J=9.0,7.0 Hz,H-9'b),6.92(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2″),6.87 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5″),6.89 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6″),5.50 (1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-7″),3.55 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″);13C NMR (methanol-d4,100 MHz):δC131.5(s,C-1),113.4 (d,C-2),148.3 (s,C-3),146.3 (s,C-4),116.2 (d,C-5),119.7 (d,C-6),35.6 (t,C-7),47.9 (d,C-8),181.6 (s,C-9),130.1 (s,C-1'),115.0 (d,C-2'),150.0 (s,C-3'),146.3 (s,C-4'),134.8 (s,C-5'),122.3 (d,C-6'),39.0 (t,C-7'),42.8 (t,C-8'),72.9 (t,C-9'),132.7(s,C-1″),110.4 (d,C-2″),147.5 (s,C-3″),145.4(s,C-4″),116.2 (d,C-5″),119.1 (d,C-6″),89.1(t,C-7″),55.4 (d,C-8″),65.0 (t,C-9″),56.3,56.8(OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[5]一致,故推断该化合物为牛蒡酚A。

化合物7 无色油状,ESI-MSm/z441 [M +Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C22H26O8,1H NMR (CDCl3,600 MHz):δH3.18 (2H,m,H-1,H-5),3.57 (2H,dd,J=9.6,3.6 Hz,H-4b,H-8b),3.73 (2H,dd,J=9.6,6.8 Hz,H-4a,H-8a),4.90 (2H,d,J=4.3 Hz,H-2,H-6),3.91(12H,s,4-OCH3),6.61 (4H,s,H-2',H-6',H-2″,H-6″);13C NMR (150MHz,CDCl3)δ:30.8 (d,C-1,C-5),56.9 (OCH3),72.9 (t,C-4,C-8),87.8 (d,C-2,C-6),104.5 (d,C-2',C-6',C-2″,,C-6″),133.2 (s,C-1',C-1″),134.9 (s,C-4',C-4″),and 149.5 (s,C-3',C-5',C-3″,C-5″。以上波谱数据与参考文献[6]一致,故推断该化合物为(+)-Diasyringaresinol。

化合物8 无色油状,ESI-MSm/z399 [M +Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C20H24O7,1H NMR (methanol-d4,400 MHz):δH7.14(1H,d,J=7.9 Hz,H-5),7.10 (1H,d,J=7.9 Hz,H-5'),7.08 (1H,br s,H-2),6.99 (1H,br s,H-20),6.97 (1H,d,J=7.9 Hz,H-6),6.76 (1H,d,J=7.9 Hz,H-6'),4.89 (1H,d,J=6.8 Hz,H-1'),4.66(1H,d,J=7.5 Hz,H-7),4.57 (1H,d,J=8.1 Hz,H-7'),4.27 (1H,dd,J=9.0 Hz,4.5 Hz,H-9' b),3.90 (1H,dd,J=9.0,7.5 Hz,H-9' a),3.88 (3H,s,-OCH3),3.85 (3H,s,3-OCH3),3.79 (1H,dd,J=11.1,4.5 Hz,H-9a),3.69 (1H,dd,J=11.0,6.4 Hz,H-9b),2.63 (1H,m,H-8'),2.28 (1H,m,H-8);13C NMR (100 MHz,methanol-d4)δ:149.1 (s,C-3),149.0 (s,C-3'),147.4 (s,C-4),147.3 (C-4'),136.2 (s,C-1),134.0 (s,C-1'),120.8 (d,C-2'),120.7 (d,C-6),116.0(d,C-5),116.0 (d,C-5'),111.3 (C-2'),111.1 (d,C-2),85.8 (d,C-7),77.6 (d,C-7'),71.2 (t,C-9),63.3 (t,C-9'),52.9(d,C-8),56.4,56.3,56.0 (3-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[7]一致,故推断该化合物为tanegool。

化合物9 无色油状,ESI-MSm/z753[M +Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C40H42O13,1H NMR (methanol-d4,600 MHz):δH6.58(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.55 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6),2.79 (1H,dd,J=14.0,7.0 Hz,H-7a),2.85(1H,dd,J=14.0,5.0 Hz,H-7b),2.43 (1H,m,H-8),6.38 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'),6.40 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6'),2.35 (1H,dd,J=13.0,8.0 Hz,H-7'a),2.48 (1H,dd,J=13.0,8.0 Hz,H-7'b),2.43 (1H,m,H-8'),3.72 (1H,dd,J=9.0,8.0 Hz,H-9'a),3.95 (1H,dd,J=9.0,7.0 Hz,H-9'b),6.92 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2″),6.87 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5″),6.90 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6″),5.48 (1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-7″),3.59 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″),7.56 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'″),6.80 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5'''),7.55 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6'″),5.18 (1H,dd,J=8.0,5.0 Hz,H-8'″);13C NMR (methanol-d4,150 MHz):δC132.5(s,C-1),114.9 (d,C-2),149.4 (s,C-3),147.6 (s,C-4),134.9 (s,C-5),119.9 (d,C-6),34.9 (t,C-7),48.0 (d,C-8),181.8 (s,C-9),130.3(s,C-1'),115.9 (d,C-2'),149.2 (s,C-3'),143.5(s,C-4'),129.8 (s,C-5'),124.6 (d,C-6'),39.0(t,C-7'),42.8 (t,C-8'),72.8 (t,C-9'),131.3 (s,C-1″),112.0 (d,C-2″),148.9 (s,C-3″),145.3 (s,C-4″),116.2 (d,C-5″),121.2 (d,C-6″),89.4 (t,C-7″),55.5 (d,C-8″),65.2 (t,C-9″),129.7 (s,C-1'″),110.4 (d,C-2'″),148.2 (s,C-3'″),153.2 (s,C-4'″),119.3 (d,C-5'″),124.8 (d,C-6'″),199.9(s,C-7'″),48.0 (d,C-8'″),64.0 (t,C-9'″),56.4,56.5,56.5,56.8 (OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[8]一致,故推断该化合物为arctignan F。

化合物10 无色油状,ESI-MSm/z737[M +Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C40H42O12,1H NMR (methanol-d4,400 MHz):δH6.62(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.50 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6),2.84 (1H,dd,J=14.0,7.5 Hz,H-7a),2.98(1H,dd,J=14.0,5.5 Hz,H-7b),2.55 (1H,m,H-8),6.44 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'),6.55 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6'),2.51 (1H,m,H-8'),3.89 (1H,dd,J=9.5,6.0 Hz,H-9'a),4.20 (1H,dd,J=9.5,7.0 Hz,H-9'b),6.91 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2″),6.83 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5″),6.85 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6″),5.44 (1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-7″),3.55 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″),6.93 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'″),6.84 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5'''),6.85 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6'″),5.46 (1H,d,J=7.0Hz,H-7'″),3.55 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″);13C NMR (methanol-d4,100 MHz):δC130.0(s,C-1),113.8 (d,C-2),147.3 (s,C-3),145.1 (s,C-4),132.5 (s,C-5),114.4 (d,C-6),35.7 (t,C-7),47.6 (d,C-8),181.4 (s,C-9),130.1(s,C-1'),115.6 (d,C-2'),147.3 (s,C-3'),145.1(s,C-4'),133.1 (s,C-5'),115.8 (d,C-6'),39.1(t,C-7'),42.4 (t,C-8'),72.9 (t,C-9'),134.1 (s,C-1″),110.3 (d,C-2″),147.8 (s,C-3″),147.9 (s,C-4″),118.0 (d,C-5″),119.8 (d,C-6″),89.0 (t,C-7″),54.8 (d,C-8″),64.3 (t,C-9″),134.1(s,C-1'″),110.4 (d,C-2'″),148.9 (s,C-3'″),134.2 (s,C-4'″),118.6 (d,C-5'″),119.7(d,C-6'″),89.0 (t,C-7'″),54.8 (d,C-8'″),64.5 (t,C-9'″),56.1,56.1,56.3,56.4 (OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[8]一致,故推断该化合物为lappaol F。

化合物11 无色油状,ESI-MSm/z577[M +Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C30H34O10,1H NMR (methanol-d4,600 MHz):δH6.65(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.81 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz H-5),6.58 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz H-6),2.87(1H,dd,J=14.0,7.0 Hz,H-7a),2.94 (1H,dd,J=14.0,5.5 Hz,H-7b),2.50 (1H,ddd,J=8.5,7.0,5.5 Hz H-8),6.33 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'),6.36 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6'),2.56 (1H,dd,J=13.5,5.0 Hz,H-7'b),2.39 (1H,m,H-8'),3.87(1H,dd,J=9.5,6.5 Hz,H-9'a),4.01 (1H,dd,J=9.5,7.5 Hz,H-9'b),6.81 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2″),6.81 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5″),6.76 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6″),5.11 (1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-7″),3.42 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″);13C NMR(methanol-d4,150 MHz):δC131.0(s,C-1),114.0(d,C-2),148.6 (s,C-3),146.7 (s,C-4),116.2(d,C-5),123.2 (d,C-6),35.6 (t,C-7),47.6 (d,C-8),181.9 (s,C-9),127.2 (s,C-1'),111.2 (d,C-2'),149.2 (s,C-3'),144.7 (s,C-4'),130.4 (s,C-5'),123.2 (d,C-6'),39.0 (t,C-7'),43.0 (t,C-8'),73.0 (t,C-9'),136.3 (s,C-1″),111.3 (d,C-2″),149.1(s,C-3″),146.5 (s,C-4″),115.6 (d,C-5″),120.4 (d,C-6″),74.9 (d,C-7″),50.0 (d,C-8″),63.3 (t,C-9″),56.3,56.3,56.4 (OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[5]一致,推断该化合物为lappaol C。

化合物12 无色油状,ESI-MSm/z755[M +Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C40H44O13,1H NMR (methanol-d4,400 MHz):δH6.65(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.530 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6),2.85 (1H,dd,J=14.0,7.0 Hz,H-7a),2.99 (1H,dd,J=14.0,5.0 Hz,H-7b),6.40 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'),6.51 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6'),4.11 (1H,dd,J=9.0,7.0 Hz,H-9'b),6.93(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2″),6.86 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5″),6.87 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6″),5.44 (1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-7″),3.54 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″),6.84 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'″),6.81 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5'''),6.78 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6'″),5.11 (1H,d,J=7.0Hz,H-7'″),3.43 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″);13C NMR (methanol-d4,100 MHz):δC129.6(s,C-1),111.0 (d,C-2),147.5 (s,C-3),145.3 (s,C-4),134.6 (s,C-5),118.7 (d,C-6),35.0 (t,C-7),47.6 (d,C-8),181.8 (s,C-9),126.7 (s,C-1'),115.6 (d,C-2'),146.4 (s,C-3'),148.5 (s,C-4'),136.3 (s,C-5'),120.0 (d,C-6'),39.0 (t,C-7'),41.4 (t,C-8'),73.0 (t,C-9'),130.2 (s,C-1″),110.4 (d,C-2″),149.1 (s,C-3″),147.5 (s,C-4″),114.7(d,C-5″),119.8 (d,C-6″),89.1 (t,C-7″),56.9 (d,C-8″),64.9 (t,C-9″),133.3(s,C-1'″),110.4 (d,C-2'″),148.4 (s,C-3'″),147.5 (s,C-4'″),120.0 (d,C-5'″),116.1(d,C-6'″),74.6 (d,C-7'″),55.3 (d,C-8'″),62.8 (t,C-9'″),56.2,56.3,56.5,56.3 (OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[5]一致,故推断该化合物为arctignan D。

化合物13 无色油状,ESI-MSm/z755[M +Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C40H44O13,1H NMR (methanol-d4,400 MHz):δH6.65(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.530 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6),2.89 (1H,dd,J=14.0,7.0 Hz,H-7a),2.89 (1H,dd,J=14.0,5.0 Hz,H-7b),2.53 (1H,m,H-8),6.46 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'),6.51(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6'),2.51 (1H,m,H-7'a),2.53 (1H,dd,J=14.0,6.5 Hz,H-7'b),2.44 (1H,m,H-8'b),4.10 (1H,dd,J=9.0,7.5 Hz,H-9'b),6.83 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2″),6.80 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5″),6.80 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6″),5.11 (1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-7″),3.43 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″),6.92 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'″),6.86 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5'''),6.86 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6'″),5.41 (1H,d,J=7.0Hz,H-7'″),3.53 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″);13C NMR (methanol-d4,100 MHz):δC127.1(s,C-1),115,5 (d,C-2),146.5 (s,C-3),144.6 (s,C-4),136.2 (s,C-5),120.2 (d,C-6),35.6 (t,C-7),47.6 (d,C-8),181.7 (s,C-9),130.0 (s,C-1'),111.3 (d,C-2'),147.5 (s,C-3'),145.3 (s,C-4'),134.7 (s,C-5'),119.0 (d,C-6'),38.8 (t,C-7'),43.0 (t,C-8'),72.8 (t,C-9'),132.9 (s,C-1″),110.3 (d,C-2″),149.2 (s,C-3″),148.1 (s,C-4″),114.9(d,C-5″),119.7 (d,C-6″),74.7 (d,C-7″),56.8 (d,C-8″),63.2 (t,C-9″),130.3(s,C-1'″),111.1 (d,C-2'″),149.0 (s,C-3'″),148.5 (s,C-4'″),116.1 (d,C-5'″),124.5 (d,C-6'″),89.1 (t,C-7'″),55.4 (d,C-8'″),65.0 (t,C-9'″),56.2,56.3,56.4,56.4 (OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[5]一致,故推断该化合物为arctignan E。

化合物14 无色油状,ESI-MSm/z773[M +Na]+,结合13C 和1H NMR 数据推定分子式为C40H46O14,1H NMR (methanol-d4,400 MHz):δH6.65(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.530 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6),2.89 (1H,dd,J=14.0,7.0 Hz,H-7a),2.89 (1H,dd,J=14.0,5.0 Hz,H-7b),2.53 (1H,m,H-8),6.46 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'),6.51(1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6'),2.51 (1H,m,H-7'a),2.53 (1H,dd,J=14.0,6.5 Hz,H-7'b),2.44 (1H,m,H-8'b),4.10 (1H,dd,J=9.0,7.5 Hz,H-9'b),6.83 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2″),6.80 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5″),6.80 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6″),5.11 (1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-7″),3.43 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″),6.84 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-2'″),6.81 (1H,d,J=8.0 Hz,H-5'''),6.78 (1H,dd,J=8.0,2.0 Hz,H-6'″),5.11 (1H,d,J=7.0Hz,H-7'″),3.43 (1H,dt,J=7.0,6.0 Hz,H-8″);13C NMR (methanol-d4,100 MHz):δC127.1(s,C-1),115,5 (d,C-2),146.5 (s,C-3),144.6 (s,C-4),136.2 (s,C-5),120.2 (d,C-6),35.6 (t,C-7),47.6 (d,C-8),181.7 (s,C-9),130.0 (s,C-1'),111.3 (d,C-2'),147.5 (s,C-3'),145.3 (s,C-4'),134.7 (s,C-5'),119.0 (d,C-6'),38.8 (t,C-7'),43.0 (t,C-8'),72.8 (t,C-9'),132.9 (s,C-1″),110.3 (d,C-2″),149.2 (s,C-3″),148.1 (s,C-4″),114.9(d,C-5″),119.7 (d,C-6″),74.7 (d,C-7″),56.8 (d,C-8″),63.2 (t,C-9″),133.3(s,C-1'″),110.4 (d,C-2'″),148.4 (s,C-3'″),147.5 (s,C-4'″),120.0 (d,C-5'″),116.1(d,C-6'″),74.6 (d,C-7'″),55.3 (d,C-8'″),62.8 (t,C-9'″),56.2,56.3,56.5,56.3 (OCH3)。以上波谱数据与参考文献[9]一致,故推断该化合物为lappaol H。

1 Zhao F (赵峰),Wang L (王璐).In vitroanti-inflammatory effects of arctigenin,a lignan fromArctium lappaL.through inhibition on iNOS pathway.Journal of Ethnopharmacology(民族药理学杂志),2009,122:457-462.

2 Gong YM (龚又明),Liu LG (刘利根),Song KF (宋科峰),et al.Study of the fruits ofArctium lappaL.Strait Pharm J(海峡药学),2005,17(4):2-4.

3 Jiang SM (蒋淑敏).Study actuality ofArctium lappaL.aboutchemistry component and pharmacology.Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res(时珍国医国药),2001,12:941-942.

4 Xu ZH (徐朝晖),Zhao AH(赵爱华),Gao XF(高先富),Jia W(贾伟),Chemical constituents of antihyperglycemic active fraction fromArctium lappa.Chin J Nat Med(中国天然药物)2006,11:444-447.

5 Umehara K,Sugawa A,Kuroyanagi M,et al.Studies on differentiation-inducers from Arctium Fructus.Chem Pharm Bull,1993,41:1774-9.

6 Chang FR,Chao YC,Teng CM,et al.Chemical Constituents fromCassytha filiformisII.J Nat Prod,1998,61:863-866.

7 Yong M,Kun G,Qiu MH.A new lignan from the seeds of,Arctium lappa.J Asian Nat Prod Res,2007,9:541-544.

8 Umehara K,Nakamura M,Miyase T,et al.Studies on differentiation inducers.VI.Lignan derivatives from Arctium Fructus.(2).Chem Pharm Bull,1996,44:2300-2304.

9 Liu J,Cai YZ,Wong RNS,et al.Comparative analysis of caffeoylquinic acids and lignans in roots and seeds among various burdock (Arctium lappa)genotypes with high antioxidant activity.J Agric Food Chem,2012,60:4067-4075.

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