熊春红

2008年高中英语课程改革启用新教材,采用发现式语法教学是本套教材编写和课堂教学倡导的新思路。它有两个主要特点:1.教材一般不简单罗列或直接讲解语法结构和规则,而是引导学生通过观察、归纳、对比、总结等方法发现语法规则;2.语法学习与语言运用相结合,学习语法的目的是为了运用。

“呈现—发现--归纳—实践—活用”是本套教科书的语法教学模式。本文以模块二《Unit3 Computers》为例,谈谈本人对英语语法的教学实践。

一、 呈现

依据教材编排,一个单元基本只介绍一个语法点。在每个单元的Discovering Useful Structure 环节的第一部分常呈现出本单元的重点语法项目。在Module2的《Unit3 Computers》中呈现的例句是Over timeI have been changed a lot.

二、发现

然后,笔者要求学生根据P21给出的例句,到Reading Passage中去寻找类似的句子。两分钟后,同学们就找出I never forget anything Ihave been told.Ihave been putinto robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.等句子。

三、归纳

句子找出来后,鼓励同学们认真观察,自己归纳语法结构形式和功能。在众多的例句面前,不少同学都能总结出Present Percent Passive Voice的结构为have + been + VPP.在此基础上,引导同学们补充出它的另一种结构:has + been + Vpp 自然是水到渠成了。

四、实践

要使学生真正掌握所学的语法内容,必须设置一些相关的语法练习。语法练习的设置要具有层次性,一般包括结构认知性练习、控制和指导练习、交流性练习。

在本单元,笔者给学生准备了以下练习:

Ⅰ. Change the following sentences into present perfect passive voice.

1.The scientists have developed a kind of intelligent robot.

2.The shop has repaired my computer very quickly.

3.We have not solved the problem yet.

4.An unknown virus has just attacked my computer.

Ⅱ.Complete the following passage with the verbs in brackets, using the present perfect passive voice.

Notice to parents

Dear parents,

We hope you will welcome this news.

Almost 100 computers ________(give) to us by a local computer company since the end of last year. A decision ________(make) that we will begin a computer teaching experiment in our school. So every teacher _________(provide)with a laptop since the beginning of this term.……

No.7 Middle School

12/08/2008

五、活用

语言的学习是为了运用。同样,语法的学习也只有在运用中才能巩固掌握。第二天,笔者在课堂上通过口头交谈的方式把头一天学的句型和时态结构复习了一遍。 然后,笔者把have/has +been +Vpp 写在黑板上.“ What would you like to say?”同学们立刻心领神会,纷纷举手,造出了如A new English dictionaryhas been boughtby my parents for me. Many treeshave been plantedin the park. 等句子。

当然,有些语法知识涉及内容多而杂,如定语从句、名词性从句等教师不可能在一节课中让学生融会贯通、学以致用,只能是分步进行、由简入深、循序渐进。在学完一个语法知识点后,教师要在课堂上反复呈现,从而唤起学生的记忆,并通过作业设计测试同学们的掌握程度,培养学生运用语法规则的能力,让学生在语言交际中运用语法规则,在运用中逐步掌握语法规则。◆(作者单位:江西省新建县第三中学)

□责任编辑:廖淑芳