中图分类号：S641.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2025）07-157-09

Effects of Rumex dentatus enzymes pretreatment on physiological and biochemical characteristics of pepper seedlings under heat stress

LI Jinling'，LI Baixue'，WANG Yichao'，YAO Xiang'，MA Yongbin²，DU Qingjie'，WANG Hu¹ ，WANG Xueting'，LIJuanqi'，WANGJiqing'，LIMeng'，XIAOHuaijuan'

（1.CollgeoureuualUitoaii Zhengzhou450041，Henan，China）

Abstract：Toexplore theroleofplant enzymes inheatdamage，the pepper variety Haoyoumingyue wasusedas the experimental material，andfive treatmentsweresetup： Usingclean waterasthecontrol（CK），and Rumexdentatusenzymes werediluted50-fold（T50），100-fold（T100），20-fold（T200），and40-fold（T400），respectively.Whenthetwootyledons of the pepper seedlings were fully expanded，the Rumex dentatus enzyme treatment was carried out.After 21 days， the seedlings were transferred to a high-temperature environment of 45^∘C for 3 days.By measuring the physiological indicatorssuchasMDAand H₂O₂ content，the activityof three antioxidant enzymes（SOD，POD，and CAT），and the expressionlevelsofheat-stress-relatedgenes intheleavesofpepperseedlingsafterrootappication，theeffectsofRumex dentatus enzymeson the physiologicaland biochemical characteristicsof pepper seedlings under heatstress were clarified.Theresultsshowedthatcomparedwith CK，theT10Otreatmentcouldeffectively increasetherelative watercontent and the activityofSODand CAT in pepperseedlings under heat stress，and at the same time，it also reduced the POD activity，thecontentofMDA， H₂O₂ and proline，and theproduction rateof O₂^- .Theresults of fluorescence quantitative PCR indicated that the Rumex dentatus enzyme treatment enhancedthe tolerance of pepper seedlings to heat stress byregulatingthe expressionlevelsofantioxidant-relatedgenesCaPOD，CaSOD，CaCATandheat-stres-relatedgenesCaHsfA2，CaHSP16.4，CaHSP70.1，CaWRKY55.Inconclusion，the exogenous Rumexdentatus enzyme treatmentcanalleviate thedamage causedbyheat stress to pepper seedlings，andthe effectof the Rumex dentatus enzyme diluted 10o-fold is the best.

Vwords：Pepper;Heat stress;Rumex dentatus enzymes;Physiological and biochemical characteristic

随着全球气候变暖，热害已成为影响植物生长和作物产量的最大限制因素之一。热胁迫对植物的损害贯穿整个生长发育周期。在萌发阶段，高温胁迫会导致种子的胚芽长度和根尖数量显著减少[1]。营养生长过程中，热胁迫会引起细胞膜系统损伤、叶绿素合成速率下降和叶片气孔导度显著降低，光合速率下降，影响植株株高、叶面积，严重时可能导致植株萎蔫甚至死亡2。生殖生长期，热胁迫会引发花粉败育、花粉管生长异常，雌蕊细胞中活性氧（ROS）过量堆积，诱导雌蕊细胞程序性死亡[3]。为应对热胁迫，植物会激活自身的防御系统，一方面通过超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）等关键酶清除ROS，减轻膜脂过氧化损害4；另一方面通过渗透调节作用维持细胞膜完整性5。陈艳等发现，热胁迫会提高番茄幼苗的脯氨酸、过氧化氢 （H₂O₂） 、超氧阴离子（ O₂^-∙ ）和丙二醛（MDA）含量，同时诱导热胁迫相关基因（SIHsfA1a、SIHsfA1b、SIHSP70、SIHSP9O）和抗氧化酶相关基因（SIPOD、SICAT、SIAPX的表达。季萌楠等研究发现， 40^∘C 的持续高温提高了辣椒叶片中渗透调节物质含量、抗氧化酶活性，并且诱导热胁迫相关基因（CaWRKY19、CaWRKY55、CaWRKY40）的表达。申梦吟凹研究发现，热胁迫下甜椒叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势，MDA含量随热胁迫时间的增加持续升高，甜椒产量显著降低。这些研究共同印证了热害对植物生理和分子层面均会造成严重损伤，威胁作物生产。

植物酵素是一种以植物为原料，添加或不添加辅料，经过微生物厌氧发酵得到的具有特定生物活性的物质8。……